Ramularia is a species-rich genus that harbours plant pathogens responsible for yield losses to many important crops, including barley, sugar beet and strawberry. Species of Ramularia are hyphomycetes with hyaline conidiophores and conidia with distinct, thickened, darkened, refractive conidiogenous loci and conidial hila, and Mycosphaerella sexual morphs. Because of its simple morphology and general lack of DNA data in public databases, several allied genera are frequently confused with Ramularia. In order to improve the delimitation of Ramularia from allied genera and the circumscription of species within the genus Ramularia, a polyphasic approach based on multilocus DNA sequences, morphological and cultural data were used in this study. A total of 420 isolates belonging to Ramularia and allied genera were targeted for the amplification and sequencing of six partial genes. Although Ramularia and Ramulariopsis proved to be monophyletic, Cercosporella and Pseudocercosporella were polyphyletic. Phacellium isolates clustered within the Ramularia clade and the genus is thus tentatively reduced to synonymy under Ramularia. Cercosporella and Pseudocercosporella isolates that were not congeneric with the ex-type strains of the type species of those genera were assigned to existing genera or to the newly introduced genera Teratoramularia and Xenoramularia, respectively. Teratoramularia is a genus with ramularia-like morphology belonging to the Teratosphaeriaceae, and Xenoramularia was introduced to accommodate hyphomycetous species closely related to Zymoseptoria. The genera Apseudocercosporella, Epicoleosporium, Filiella, Fusidiella, Neopseudocercosporella, and Mycosphaerelloides were also newly introduced to accommodate species non-congeneric with their purported types. A total of nine new combinations and 24 new species were introduced in this study.

红毛ia属（Ramularia）是一种物种丰富的属，其具有植物病原体，导致许多重要农作物（包括大麦，甜菜和草莓）的产量下降。拉米利亚属的物种是带有透明分生孢子的菌丝，而分生孢子的分生，增生，变暗，折射的分生孢子位和分生孢子的分生孢子和分生孢子菌有性形态。由于其简单的形态和公共数据库中普遍缺乏DNA数据，几个同属经常与Ramularia混淆。为了改善与亲属属的雷姆氏菌的界线和对雷姆氏菌属内物种的限制，本研究使用基于多基因座DNA序列，形态学和文化数据的多相方法。共有420个属于Ramularia和相关属的分离物被靶向用于六个部分基因的扩增和测序。尽管事实证明，拉米拉毛虫和拉米拉毛虫是单系的，但Cercosporella和Pseudocercosporella是多系的。Phacellium分离物聚集在Ramularia枝中，因此该属暂时减少为Ramularia的同义词。Cercosporella和Pseudocercosporella与那些属的类型种的ex-type菌株不具有同源性的分离株分别被分配给现有属或新引入的鼠尾草属和Xenoramularia属。Teratoramularia与柱隔孢属样形态属于属Teratosphaeriaceae，并Xenoramularia被引入，以适应密切相关hyphomycetous种Zymoseptoria。该属Apseudocercosporella，Epicoleosporium，Filiella，Fusidiella，Neopseudocercosporella和Mycosphaerelloides还引入了新的物种，以适应其所称类型的非同类物种。这项研究总共引入了9种新组合和24种新物种。