The liquid phase microextraction method is a sample pretreatment technique that uses small volumes of organic solvents to extract a wide variety of analytes from different matrices prior to instrumental analysis. The development of these techniques focuses on providing simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly extraction procedures for sample preparation. In this review, the most recent developments in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) techniques for the analysis of various environmental pollutants are summarized. These methods have been categorized into several groups including dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), ferrofluid-based microextraction, supramolecular-based liquid phase microextraction, and vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction. In this paper, the extraction principles, the solvent production mechanism, and the historical development of the LPME techniques are discussed. Finally, recent reports on the applications of these methodologies are reviewed.

中文翻译：

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液相微萃取技术在环境污染物分析中的最新进展

液相微萃取法是一种样品预处理技术，在仪器分析之前，该技术使用少量有机溶剂从不同的基质中提取多种分析物。这些技术的发展着重于提供用于样品制备的简单，廉价且环境友好的提取程序。在这篇综述中，总结了用于分析各种环境污染物的液相微萃取（LPME）技术的最新进展。这些方法已分为几类，包括分散液-液微萃取（DLLME），基于铁磁流体的微萃取，基于超分子的液相微萃取和涡旋辅助液-液微萃取。本文介绍了萃取原理，溶剂产生机理，并讨论了LPME技术的历史发展。最后，回顾了有关这些方法的应用的最新报告。