Neurons are akin to modern cities in that both are dependent on robust transport mechanisms. Like the best mass transit systems, trafficking in neurons must be tailored to respond to local requirements. Neurons depend on both high-speed, long-distance transport and localized dynamics to correctly deliver cargoes and to tune synaptic responses. Here, we focus on the mechanisms that provide localized regulation of the transport machinery, including the cytoskeleton and molecular motors, to yield compartment-specific trafficking in the axon initial segment, axon terminal, dendrites and spines. The synthesis of these mechanisms provides a sophisticated and responsive transit system for the cell.

中文翻译：

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细胞骨架组织对神经元运输局部调节的影响

神经元类似于现代城市，都依赖于强大的运输机制。像最好的公共交通系统一样，神经元的贩运必须根据当地需求进行调整。神经元依靠高速、长距离运输和局部动力学来正确传递货物并调整突触反应。在这里，我们专注于提供对运输机械（包括细胞骨架和分子马达）进行局部调节的机制，以在轴突初始段、轴突末端、树突和刺中产生隔室特异性运输。这些机制的综合为细胞提供了一个复杂且响应迅速的运输系统。