While the field of perovskite-based optoelectronics has mostly been dominated by photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and transistors, semiconducting properties peculiar to perovskites make them interesting candidates for innovative and disruptive applications in light signal detection. Perovskites combine effective light absorption in the broadband range with good photo-generation yield and high charge carrier mobility, a combination that provides promising potential for exploiting sensitive and fast photodetectors that are targeted for image sensing, optical communication, environmental monitoring or chemical/biological detection. Currently, organic–inorganic hybrid and all-inorganic halide perovskites with controlled morphologies of polycrystalline thin films, nano-particles/wires/sheets, and bulk single crystals have shown key figure-of-merit features in terms of their responsivity, detectivity, noise equivalent power, linear dynamic range, and response speed. The sensing region has been covered from ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) to gamma photons based on two- or three-terminal device architectures. Diverse photoactive materials and devices with superior optoelectronic performances have stimulated attention from researchers in multidisciplinary areas. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent progress of perovskite-based photodetectors focusing on versatile compositions, structures, and morphologies of constituent materials, and diverse device architectures toward the superior performance metrics. Combining the advantages of both organic semiconductors (facile solution processability) and inorganic semiconductors (high charge carrier mobility), perovskites are expected to replace commercial silicon for future photodetection applications.

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基于钙钛矿的光电探测器：材料和设备

尽管基于钙钛矿的光电领域主要是由光伏，发光二极管和晶体管所主导，但钙钛矿特有的半导体特性使其成为光信号检测中创新和破坏性应用的有趣候选者。钙钛矿将宽带范围内的有效光吸收与良好的光产生良率和高的载流子迁移率结合在一起，为利用灵敏且快速的光电探测器提供有希望的潜力，这些探测器适用于图像感测，光通信，环境监测或化学/生物检测。目前，具有多晶薄膜，纳米粒子/金属丝/片材形态受控的有机-无机杂化和全无机卤化物钙钛矿，单晶和块状单晶在响应度，探测性，噪声等效功率，线性动态范围和响应速度方面都显示出关键的品质因数。基于两端或三端设备架构，传感区域已覆盖了从紫外可见近红外（UV-Vis-NIR）到伽马光子。具有优异光电性能的各种光敏材料和器件引起了多学科领域研究人员的关注。在这篇综述中，我们对基于钙钛矿的光电探测器的最新进展进行了全面的概述，重点是通用材料，组成材料的结构和形态以及构成优异性能指标的各种器件架构。