This Perspective outlines basic structural and optical properties of lead halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals, highlighting differences and similarities between them and conventional II–VI and III–V semiconductor quantum dots. A detailed insight into two important issues inherent to lead halide perovskite nanocrystals then follows, namely, the advantages of defect tolerance and the necessity to improve their stability in environmental conditions. The defect tolerance of lead halide perovskites offers an impetus to search for similar attributes in other related heavy metal-free compounds. We discuss the origins of the significantly blue-shifted emission from CsPbBr₃ nanocrystals and the synthetic strategies toward fabrication of stable perovskite nanocrystal materials with emission in the red and infrared parts of the optical spectrum, which are related to fabrication of mixed cation compounds guided by Goldschmidt tolerance factor considerations. We conclude with the view on perspectives of use of the colloidal perovskite nanocrystals for applications in backlighting of liquid-crystal TV displays.

中文翻译：

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卤化钙钛矿型纳米晶体在研究中的重点：稳定性和耐缺陷性

本《观点》概述了卤化钙钛矿胶体纳米晶体的基本结构和光学性质，强调了它们与常规II–VI和III–V半导体量子点之间的区别和相似之处。然后详细介绍了卤化钙钛矿铅纳米晶体固有的两个重要问题，即缺陷耐受性的优势和提高其在环境条件下的稳定性的必要性。卤化钙钛矿的缺陷耐受性为在其他相关的不含重金属的化合物中寻找相似属性提供了动力。我们讨论了来自CsPbBr ₃的显着蓝移发射的起源纳米晶体和制备稳定钙钛矿纳米晶体材料的合成策略，该材料在光谱的红色和红外部分具有发射，这与基于Goldschmidt耐受因子考虑的混合阳离子化合物的制备有关。我们以胶态钙钛矿纳米晶体在液晶电视显示器背光中的应用前景的观点作为结论。