Abstract

This report highlights the recent advances in direct C–H bond functionalization of 5,5- and 6,5-fused heterocycles containing at least two nitrogen atoms. Besides C–C bond formation, C–N, C–S, C–P, and C–Si bonds can also be created via a metal-catalyzed process. Some examples, where a C–H functionalization approach was applied for the synthesis of drug candidates, will be presented as well.

1 Introduction

2 C–H Functionalization Reactions of N-Containing Heterocycles

2.1 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines

2.2 Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines

2.3 Imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles

2.4 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines

2.5 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines and Imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines

2.6 Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines

2.7 Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines

2.8 Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines

2.9 Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines

2.10 Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines

2.11 Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazines

2.12 Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazines

3 Outlook

4 Conclusion

This report highlights the recent advances in direct C–H bond functionalization of 5,5- and 6,5-fused heterocycles containing at least two nitrogen atoms. Besides C–C bond formation, C–N, C–S, C–P, and C–Si bonds can also be created via a metal-catalyzed process. Some examples, where a C–H functionalization approach was applied for the synthesis of drug candidates, will be presented as well.

1 Introduction

2 C–H Functionalization Reactions of N-Containing Heterocycles

2.1 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines

2.2 Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines

2.3 Imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles

2.4 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines

2.5 Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines and Imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines

2.6 Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines

2.7 Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines

2.8 Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines

2.9 Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines

2.10 Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines

2.11 Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazines

2.12 Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazines

3 Outlook

4 Conclusion

中文翻译：

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含氮杂环杂环直接CH键的功能化更新

摘要

本报告重点介绍了含有至少两个氮原子的5，5-和6，5-稠合杂环直接C–H键官能化的最新进展。除了C–C键形成之外，还可以通过金属催化过程创建C–N，C–S，C–P和C–Si键。还将提供一些示例，其中将C–H功能化方法应用于候选药物的合成。

1引言

2个含氮杂环的C–H官能化反应

2.1咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡啶

2.2吡咯并[1,2- a ]吡嗪

2.3咪唑并[1,2- b ]吡唑

2.4咪唑并[1,2- a ]嘧啶

2.5咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡嗪和咪唑并[1,5- a ]吡嗪

2.6咪唑并[1,2- b ]哒嗪

2.7咪唑并[4,5- b ]吡啶和咪唑并[4,5- c ]吡啶

2.8吡唑并[3,4- b ]吡啶

2.9吡唑并[1,5- a ]嘧啶

2.10吡咯并[2,3- d ]嘧啶和吡咯并[3,2- d ]嘧啶

2.11咪唑并[1,2- b ] [1,2,4]三嗪

2.12咪唑并[1,2- b ] [1,2,4,5]四嗪

3展望

4。结论

本报告重点介绍了含有至少两个氮原子的5，5-和6，5-稠合杂环直接C–H键官能化的最新进展。除了C–C键形成之外，还可以通过金属催化过程创建C–N，C–S，C–P和C–Si键。还将提供一些示例，其中将C–H功能化方法应用于候选药物的合成。

1引言

2个含氮杂环的C–H官能化反应

2.1咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡啶

2.2吡咯并[1,2- a ]吡嗪

2.3咪唑并[1,2- b ]吡唑

2.4咪唑并[1,2- a ]嘧啶

2.5咪唑并[1,2- a ]吡嗪和咪唑并[1,5- a ]吡嗪

2.6咪唑并[1,2- b ]哒嗪

2.7咪唑并[4,5- b ]吡啶和咪唑并[4,5- c ]吡啶

2.8吡唑并[3,4- b ]吡啶

2.9吡唑并[1,5- a ]嘧啶

2.10吡咯并[2,3- d ]嘧啶和吡咯并[3,2- d ]嘧啶

2.11咪唑并[1,2- b ] [1,2,4]三嗪

2.12咪唑并[1,2- b ] [1,2,4,5]四嗪

3展望

4。结论