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DNA Cross-Bridging Shapes a Single Nucleus from a Set of Mitotic Chromosomes.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-Aug-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.038
Matthias Samwer 1 , Maximilian W G Schneider 1 , Rudolf Hoefler 1 , Philipp S Schmalhorst 2 , Julian G Jude 3 , Johannes Zuber 3 , Daniel W Gerlich 1
Affiliation  

Eukaryotic cells store their chromosomes in a single nucleus. This is important to maintain genomic integrity, as chromosomes packaged into separate nuclei (micronuclei) are prone to massive DNA damage. During mitosis, higher eukaryotes disassemble their nucleus and release individualized chromosomes for segregation. How numerous chromosomes subsequently reform a single nucleus has remained unclear. Using image-based screening of human cells, we identified barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF) as a key factor guiding membranes to form a single nucleus. Unexpectedly, nuclear assembly does not require BAF's association with inner nuclear membrane proteins but instead relies on BAF's ability to bridge distant DNA sites. Live-cell imaging and in vitro reconstitution showed that BAF enriches around the mitotic chromosome ensemble to induce a densely cross-bridged chromatin layer that is mechanically stiff and limits membranes to the surface. Our study reveals that BAF-mediated changes in chromosome mechanics underlie nuclear assembly with broad implications for proper genome function.

中文翻译:

DNA 交叉桥接从一组有丝分裂染色体中形成一个单核。

真核细胞将它们的染色体储存在单个细胞核中。这对于保持基因组完整性很重要,因为包装成单独的细胞核(微核)的染色体容易受到大量 DNA 损伤。在有丝分裂期间,高等真核生物分解它们的细胞核并释放个体化的染色体以进行分离。有多少染色体随后重新形成单个细胞核仍不清楚。使用基于图像的人类细胞筛选,我们确定了自整合障碍因子 (BAF) 是引导膜形成单个细胞核的关键因素。出乎意料的是,核组装不需要 BAF 与内核膜蛋白的结合,而是依赖于 BAF 桥接远处 DNA 位点的能力。活细胞成像和体外重建表明,BAF 在有丝分裂染色体集合周围富集,以诱导密集的交叉桥接染色质层,该层机械刚性并将膜限制在表面。我们的研究表明,BAF 介导的染色体力学变化是核组装的基础,对适当的基因组功能具有广泛的影响。
更新日期:2017-08-24
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