The timing of phenological events, such as leaf-out and flowering, strongly influence plant success and their study is vital to understanding how plants will respond to climate change. Phenological research, however, is often limited by the temporal, geographic, or phylogenetic scope of available data. Hundreds of millions of plant specimens in herbaria worldwide offer a potential solution to this problem, especially as digitization efforts drastically improve access to collections. Herbarium specimens represent snapshots of phenological events and have been reliably used to characterize phenological responses to climate. We review the current state of herbarium-based phenological research, identify potential biases and limitations in the collection, digitization, and interpretation of specimen data, and discuss future opportunities for phenological investigations using herbarium specimens.

物候事件的发生时间（例如叶期和花期）会极大地影响植物的成功，他们的研究对于了解植物如何应对气候变化至关重要。但是，物候研究通常受到可用数据的时间，地理或系统发育范围的限制。全世界范围内数以亿计的植物标本为这一问题提供了潜在的解决方案，尤其是在数字化努力极大地改善了采集资源的情况下。植物标本室的样本代表了物候事件的快照，并已被可靠地用于表征对气候的物候响应。我们回顾了基于植物标本室的物候研究的现状，确定了标本数据的收集，数字化和解释方面的潜在偏见和局限性，