Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in the United States, and leads to substantial morbidity, though associated mortality is rare. The prevalence of GERD symptoms appeared to increase until 1999. Risk factors for complications of GERD include advanced age, male sex, white race, abdominal obesity, and tobacco use. Most patients with GERD present with heartburn and effortless regurgitation. Coexistent dysphagia is considered an alarm symptom, prompting evaluation. There is substantial overlap between symptoms of GERD and those of eosinophilic esophagitis, functional dyspepsia, and gastroparesis, posing a challenge for patient management.

胃食管反流病（GERD）是美国最常见的胃肠道疾病，尽管相关的死亡率很少，但会导致大量发病。直到1999年，GERD症状的患病率似乎一直增加。GERD并发症的危险因素包括高龄，男性，白人，腹部肥胖和吸烟。多数GERD患者表现为胃灼热和轻度反流。并存的吞咽困难被认为是警报症状，促使进行评估。GERD症状与嗜酸性食管炎，功能性消化不良和胃轻瘫之间存在实质性重叠，这给患者管理带来了挑战。