Purpose African American women with breast cancer have higher cancer-specific and overall mortality rates. Obesity is common among African American women and contributes to breast cancer progression and numerous chronic conditions. Weight loss interventions among breast cancer survivors positively affect weight, behavior, biomarkers, and psychosocial outcomes, yet few target African Americans. This article examines the effects of Moving Forward, a weight loss intervention for African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS) on weight, body composition, and behavior. Patients and Methods Early-stage (I-III) AABCS were randomly assigned to a 6-month interventionist-guided (n = 125) or self-guided (n = 121) weight loss program supporting behavioral changes to promote a 5% weight loss. Anthropometric, body composition, and behavioral data were collected at baseline, postintervention (6 months), and follow-up (12 months). Descriptive statistics and mixed models analyses assessed differences between groups over time. Results Mean (± standard deviation) age, and body mass index were 57.5 (± 10.1) years and 36.1 (± 6.2) kg/m2, respectively, and 82% had stage I or II breast cancer. Both groups lost weight. Mean and percentage of weight loss were greater in the guided versus self-guided group (at 6 months: 3.5 kg v 1.3kg; P < .001; 3.6% v 1.4%; P < .001, respectively; at 12 months: 2.7 kg v 1.6 kg; P < .05; 2.6% v 1.6%; P < .05, respectively); 44% in the guided group and 19% in the self-guided group met the 5% goal. Body composition and behavioral changes were also greater in the interventionist-guided group at both time points. Conclusion The study supports the efficacy of a community-based interventionist-guided weight loss program targeting AABCS. Although mean weight loss did not reach the targeted 5%, the mean loss of > 3% at 6 months is associated with improved health outcomes. Affordable, accessible health promotion programs represent a critical resource for AABCS.

中文翻译：

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减肥干预措施对非裔美国乳腺癌幸存者的功效


目的 患有乳腺癌的非裔美国女性的癌症特异性死亡率和总体死亡率较高。肥胖在非裔美国女性中很常见，会导致乳腺癌进展和许多慢性病。乳腺癌幸存者的减肥干预措施对体重、行为、生物标志物和心理社会结果产生积极影响，但很少针对非裔美国人。本文探讨了“前进”这一针对非裔美国乳腺癌幸存者 (AABCS) 的减肥干预措施对体重、身体成分和行为的影响。患者和方法 早期 (I-III) AABCS 被随机分配至为期 6 个月的干预指导 (n = 125) 或自我指导 (n = 121) 减肥计划，支持行为改变以促进 5% 的体重减轻。在基线、干预后（6 个月）和随访（12 个月）时收集人体测量、身体成分和行为数据。描述性统计和混合模型分析评估了组间随时间变化的差异。结果平均（±标准差）年龄和体重指数分别为57.5（±10.1）岁和36.1（±6.2）kg/m2，82%患有I或II期乳腺癌。两组均体重减轻。指导组与自我指导组的体重减轻平均值和百分比更高（分别为 6 个月时：3.5 kg vs 1.3kg；P < .001；3.6% vs 1.4%；P < .001；12 个月时：2.7分别为 1.6 千克和 1.6 千克；指导组中的 44% 和自我指导组中的 19% 达到了 5% 的目标。在这两个时间点，干预指导组的身体成分和行为变化也更大。结论 该研究支持以 AABCS 为目标的社区干预指导减肥计划的有效性。 尽管平均体重减轻没有达到 5% 的目标，但 6 个月时平均体重减轻 > 3% 与改善健康结果相关。负担得起、易于获得的健康促进计划是 AABCS 的重要资源。