Carbide-derived carbon beads with tunable nanopores from continuously produced polysilsesquioxanes for supercapacitor electrodes,Sustainable Energy & Fuels

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Carbide-derived carbon beads with tunable nanopores from continuously produced polysilsesquioxanes for supercapacitor electrodes
Sustainable Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-17 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7se00265c
Benjamin Krüner _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Christina Odenwald _{2,

3,

5,

6} , Aura Tolosa _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Anna Schreiber _{1,

2,

3} , Mesut Aslan _{1,

2,

3} , Guido Kickelbick _{2,

3,

5,

6} , Volker Presser _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

The MicroJet reactor technique is an excellent continuous method to produce spherical and homogeneous organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) particles in a large scale (10–15 g min⁻¹). We applied this method to manufacture polyorganosilsesquioxanes with different ratios of phenyl and vinyl functional groups, which were later pyrolyzed to obtain silicon oxycarbides. Such polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) materials are highly suited as precursor for carbide-derived carbon (CDC) synthesis. Chlorine etching of PDC at high temperatures removed silicon and oxygen, yielding the formation of nanoporous carbon. Pure poly(phenyl-silsesquioxane) spheres lost their shape during the thermal process by undergoing further condensation reactions. Yet, the spherical shape was conserved during thermal processing after adding vinyl functionalities. The ratio of vinyl and phenyl functionalities controlled the pore structure and the total CDC yield, enabling an increase from 2 mass% to 22 mass%. The total pore volume varied between 1.3-2.1 cm³ g⁻¹ and the specific surface area between 2014–2114 m² g⁻¹. The high surface area and large pore volume makes these materials attractive for high power supercapacitor electrodes. The specific capacitance of the best sample at low rates in 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile was 116 F g⁻¹ (at 5 mA g⁻¹) and still 80 F g⁻¹ at very high rates (at 100 A g⁻¹).

中文翻译：

连续生产的聚倍半硅氧烷用于超级电容器电极的具有可调纳米孔的碳化物衍生碳珠

MicroJet反应器技术是一种出色的连续方法，可以大规模（10–15 g min ^-1）。我们应用这种方法来制造具有不同比例的苯基和乙烯基官能团的聚有机倍半硅氧烷，然后将其热解以获得碳氧化硅。此类聚合物衍生的陶瓷（PDC）材料非常适合用作碳化物衍生的碳（CDC）合成的前体。PDC在高温下的氯蚀刻去除了硅和氧，从而形成了纳米孔碳。在热处理过程中，纯聚（苯基倍半硅氧烷）球通过进一步的缩合反应而失去了形状。然而，在添加乙烯基官能团之后的热处理过程中，球形是保留的。乙烯基和苯基官能团的比例控制了孔结构和总CDC收率，使其从2质量％增加到22质量％。总孔体积在1.3-2.1厘米之间变化³ g^-1，比表面积在2014–2114 m² g^-1之间。高表面积和大孔体积使这些材料对高功率超级电容器电极具有吸引力。在乙腈中的1 M四氟硼酸四乙铵中，低速率下最佳样品的比电容为116 F g^-1（在5 mA g^-1时），而在极高速率下（在100 A g^-1时）仍为80 F g^-1。。

更新日期：2017-08-23

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