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Integrating liquid biopsies into the management of cancer
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology ( IF 78.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-03-02 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.14
Giulia Siravegna , Silvia Marsoni , Salvatore Siena , Alberto Bardelli

During cancer progression and treatment, multiple subclonal populations of tumour cells compete with one another, with selective pressures leading to the emergence of predominant subclones that replicate and spread most proficiently, and are least susceptible to treatment. At present, the molecular landscapes of solid tumours are established using surgical or biopsy tissue samples. Tissue-based tumour profiles are, however, subject to sampling bias, provide only a snapshot of tumour heterogeneity, and cannot be obtained repeatedly. Genomic profiles of circulating cell-free tumour DNA (ctDNA) have been shown to closely match those of the corresponding tumours, with important implications for both molecular pathology and clinical oncology. Analyses of circulating nucleic acids, commonly referred to as 'liquid biopsies', can be used to monitor response to treatment, assess the emergence of drug resistance, and quantify minimal residual disease. In addition to blood, several other body fluids, such as urine, saliva, pleural effusions, and cerebrospinal fluid, can contain tumour-derived genetic information. The molecular profiles gathered from ctDNA can be further complemented with those obtained through analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs), as well as RNA, proteins, and lipids contained within vesicles, such as exosomes. In this Review, we examine how different forms of liquid biopsies can be exploited to guide patient care and should ultimately be integrated into clinical practice, focusing on liquid biopsy of ctDNA — arguably the most clinically advanced approach.

中文翻译:

将液体活检整合到癌症治疗中

在癌症的进展和治疗过程中,肿瘤细胞的多个亚克隆种群相互竞争,选择性压力导致主要亚克隆的出现,这些亚克隆能够最有效地复制和传播,并且对治疗的敏感性最低。目前,实体瘤的分子景观是通过手术或活检组织样品建立的。但是,基于组织的肿瘤图容易受到采样偏差的影响,只能提供肿瘤异质性的快照,并且不能重复获得。循环无细胞肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)的基因组谱已显示与相应肿瘤的基因组谱紧密匹配,对分子病理学和临床肿瘤学都具有重要意义。循环核酸分析,通常称为“液体活检”,可用于监测对治疗的反应,评估耐药性的出现并量化最小残留疾病。除血液外,其他几种体液(例如尿液,唾液,胸腔积液和脑脊液)也可能包含肿瘤衍生的遗传信息。从ctDNA收集的分子谱可以与通过分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及囊泡(如外泌体)中包含的RNA,蛋白质和脂质获得的分子谱进一步互补。在这篇综述中,我们研究了如何利用不同形式的液体活检来指导患者护理,并最终应将其整合到临床实践中,重点是ctDNA液体活检-可以说是临床上最先进的方法。并量化最小残留病。除血液外,其他几种体液(例如尿液,唾液,胸腔积液和脑脊液)也可能包含肿瘤衍生的遗传信息。从ctDNA收集的分子谱可以与通过分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及囊泡(如外泌体)中包含的RNA,蛋白质和脂质获得的分子谱进一步互补。在这篇综述中,我们研究了如何利用不同形式的液体活检来指导患者护理,并最终应将其整合到临床实践中,重点是ctDNA液体活检-可以说是临床上最先进的方法。并量化最小残留病。除血液外,其他几种体液(例如尿液,唾液,胸腔积液和脑脊液)也可能包含肿瘤衍生的遗传信息。从ctDNA收集的分子谱可以与通过分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及囊泡(如外泌体)中包含的RNA,蛋白质和脂质获得的分子谱进一步互补。在这篇综述中,我们研究了如何利用不同形式的液体活检来指导患者护理,并最终应将其整合到临床实践中,重点是ctDNA液体活检-可以说是临床上最先进的方法。从ctDNA收集的分子谱可以与通过分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及囊泡(如外泌体)中包含的RNA,蛋白质和脂质获得的分子谱进一步互补。在这篇综述中,我们研究了如何利用不同形式的液体活检来指导患者护理,并最终应将其整合到临床实践中,重点是ctDNA液体活检-可以说是临床上最先进的方法。从ctDNA收集的分子谱可以与通过分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)以及囊泡(如外泌体)中包含的RNA,蛋白质和脂质获得的分子谱进一步互补。在这篇综述中,我们研究了如何利用不同形式的液体活检来指导患者护理,并最终应将其整合到临床实践中,重点是ctDNA液体活检-可以说是临床上最先进的方法。
更新日期:2017-08-18
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