Diabetes mellitus is one of the most challenging epidemics facing the world today, with over 300 million patients affected worldwide. A significant complication associated with diabetes is hyperglycemia, which impairs wound healing. The rise in the diabetic patient population in recent years has precipitated an increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic diabetic wounds, most commonly the diabetic foot ulcer. Although foot ulcers are difficult to treat due to their complicated pathology, outcomes have improved with the development of increasingly sophisticated biomaterials that accelerate healing. In this review, we describe recently developed biomaterials that elicit healing through cell-material interactions and/or the sustained delivery of drugs. These tunable therapeutic systems increase angiogenesis, collagen deposition, cell proliferation, and growth factors concentrations, while decreasing inflammation and enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix. As the field of biomaterials for wound healing continues to mature, we expect to witness a broader range of clinical options that will speed healing times and improve patient quality of life.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗糖尿病足溃疡的生物材料的最新进展

糖尿病是当今世界面临的最具挑战性的流行病之一，全世界有3亿多患者受到影响。与糖尿病有关的重要并发症是高血糖症，其损害伤口愈合。近年来，糖尿病患者人数的增加促使慢性糖尿病伤口（最常见的是糖尿病足溃疡）的发生率和患病率增加。尽管足部溃疡由于其复杂的病理原因而难以治疗，但随着越来越复杂的生物材料的发展，其结果加速了愈合，结果也得到了改善。在这篇综述中，我们描述了最近开发的生物材料，它们通过细胞-材料相互作用和/或药物的持续递送而引起愈合。这些可调的治疗系统可增加血管生成，胶原蛋白沉积，细胞增殖和生长因子浓度，同时减少细胞外基质的炎症和酶促降解。随着用于伤口愈合的生物材料领域的不断成熟，我们期望看到更多种类的临床选择，这些选择将加快愈合时间并改善患者的生活质量。