Recent years have seen a marked increase in our understanding of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs can be classified into different groups based on their similarity to T cell subsets in terms of their expression of key transcription factors and cytokine production. Various immunological functions of ILCs have been described, and increasing numbers of studies have implicated these cells in inflammatory disorders. Here, we detail the roles of ILCs in inflammatory diseases; we cover type 2 inflammatory diseases (such as asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis and atopic dermatitis), as well as inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis and other systemic or organ-specific inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Future directions in the field are discussed, together with potential avenues of treatment.

近年来，我们对先天淋巴样细胞（ILC）的理解有了显着提高。根据ILC与T细胞亚群在关键转录因子表达和细胞因子产生方面的相似性，可以将其分类为不同的组。已经描述了ILC的各种免疫学功能，并且越来越多的研究已经将这些细胞牵涉到炎性疾病中。在这里，我们详细介绍了ILC在炎症性疾病中的作用；我们涵盖2型炎性疾病（例如哮喘，慢性鼻鼻窦炎和特应性皮炎），以及炎性肠病，牛皮癣和其他全身或器官特异性炎性和自身免疫性疾病。讨论了该领域的未来方向，以及潜在的治疗途径。