Plant cell walls are composed of an intricate network of polysaccharides and proteins that varies during the developmental stages of the cell. This makes it very challenging to address the functions of individual wall components in cells, especially for highly complex glycans. Fortunately, structurally defined oligosaccharides can be used as models for the glycans, to study processes such as cell wall biosynthesis, polysaccharide deposition, protein–carbohydrate interactions, and cell–cell adhesion. Synthetic chemists have focused on preparing such model compounds, as they can be produced in good quantities and with high purity. This Review contains an overview of those plant and algal polysaccharides that have been elucidated to date. The majority of the content is devoted to detailed summaries of the chemical syntheses of oligosaccharide fragments of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and arabinogalactans, as well as glycans unique to algae. Representative synthetic routes within each class are discussed in detail, and the progress in carbohydrate chemistry over recent decades is highlighted.

中文翻译：

---

植物和藻类细胞壁相关寡糖的化学合成

植物细胞壁由在细胞发育阶段变化的复杂的多糖和蛋白质网络组成。这使得解决细胞中单个壁成分的功能变得非常具有挑战性，尤其是对于高度复杂的聚糖。幸运的是，结构上定义的寡糖可用作聚糖的模型，以研究细胞壁生物合成，多糖沉积，蛋白质与碳水化合物相互作用以及细胞与细胞粘附等过程。合成化学家一直专注于制备这类模型化合物，因为它们可以大量大量生产并具有高纯度。这篇综述包含了迄今为止阐明的那些植物和藻类多糖的概述。大部分内容致力于纤维素，半纤维素，果胶和阿拉伯半乳聚糖以及藻类独有的聚糖的寡糖片段的化学合成的详细概述。详细讨论了每个类别中的代表性合成途径，并重点介绍了近几十年来碳水化合物化学的进展。