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Cell Wall Remodeling of Staphylococcus aureus in Live Caenorhabditis elegans
Bioconjugate Chemistry ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-09 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00363 Sean E. Pidgeon 1 , Marcos M. Pires 1
Bioconjugate Chemistry ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-09 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00363 Sean E. Pidgeon 1 , Marcos M. Pires 1
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Peptidoglycan (PG) scaffolds are critical components of bacterial cell walls. They counter internal turgor pressure to prevent lysis and protect against external insults. It was recently discovered that various types of bacteria release large quantities of PG building blocks (d-amino acids) into their surrounding medium. Contrarily, cultured bacteria were also found to incorporate d-amino acids (both natural and synthetic) from the medium directly into their PG scaffold. These two processes may potentially function, in concert, to metabolically remodel PG in live host organisms. However, demonstration that bacteria can decorate their cell surfaces with exogenous d-amino acids was limited to in vitro culture conditions. We present the first evidence that bacteria remodel their PG with exogenous d-amino acids in a live host animal. A tetrazine click partner was conjugated onto the side chain of a d-amino acid to capture incorporation into the bacterial PG scaffold using a complementary click-reactive fluorophore. Staphylococcus aureus infected Caenorhabditis elegans treated with exogenous d-amino acids readily revealed in vivo PG labeling. These results suggest that extracellular d-amino acids may provide pathogens with a mode of late-stage in vivo cell-surface remodeling.
中文翻译：
细胞的细胞壁重塑金黄色葡萄球菌在Live秀丽隐杆线虫
肽聚糖（PG）支架是细菌细胞壁的重要组成部分。它们抵抗内部膨胀压力，以防止细胞溶解并防止外部损伤。最近发现，各种类型的细菌将大量的PG结构单元（d-氨基酸）释放到其周围的介质中。相反地，还发现培养的细菌将来自培养基的d-氨基酸（天然的和合成的）直接掺入其PG支架中。这两个过程可能共同发挥作用，以在活宿主生物体内代谢重塑PG。然而，证明细菌可以用外源性d修饰其细胞表面-氨基酸限于体外培养条件。我们提供了第一个证据，证明细菌在活宿主动物中用外源性d-氨基酸重塑了其PG 。使用互补的点击反应性荧光团，将四嗪点击伴侣结合到d-氨基酸的侧链上，以捕获掺入细菌PG支架中。用外源性d-氨基酸处理的金黄色葡萄球菌感染的秀丽隐杆线虫容易在体内显示PG标记。这些结果表明，细胞外d-氨基酸可以为病原体提供后期体内细胞表面重塑的模式。
更新日期：2017-08-09
中文翻译：
细胞的细胞壁重塑金黄色葡萄球菌在Live秀丽隐杆线虫
肽聚糖（PG）支架是细菌细胞壁的重要组成部分。它们抵抗内部膨胀压力，以防止细胞溶解并防止外部损伤。最近发现，各种类型的细菌将大量的PG结构单元（d-氨基酸）释放到其周围的介质中。相反地，还发现培养的细菌将来自培养基的d-氨基酸（天然的和合成的）直接掺入其PG支架中。这两个过程可能共同发挥作用，以在活宿主生物体内代谢重塑PG。然而，证明细菌可以用外源性d修饰其细胞表面-氨基酸限于体外培养条件。我们提供了第一个证据，证明细菌在活宿主动物中用外源性d-氨基酸重塑了其PG 。使用互补的点击反应性荧光团，将四嗪点击伴侣结合到d-氨基酸的侧链上，以捕获掺入细菌PG支架中。用外源性d-氨基酸处理的金黄色葡萄球菌感染的秀丽隐杆线虫容易在体内显示PG标记。这些结果表明，细胞外d-氨基酸可以为病原体提供后期体内细胞表面重塑的模式。
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