Cardiovascular disease (CVD), leading to myocardial infarction and heart failure, is one of the major causes of death worldwide. The physiological system cannot significantly regenerate the capabilities of a damaged heart. Current treatment involves pharmacological and surgical interventions; however, less invasive and more cost-effective approaches are sought. Such new approaches are developed to induce tissue regeneration following injury. Hence, regenerative medicine has a key role in treating CVD. Recently, the extrinsic stimulation of cardiac regeneration has involved the use of potential polymers to stimulate stem cells toward differentiation of cardiomyocytes as a new therapeutic intervention in cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). The therapeutic potentiality of natural or synthetic polymers and cell surface interactive factors/polymer surface modifications for cardiac repair have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. This review will discuss recent advances in CTE using polymers and cell surface interactive factors that interact strongly with stem cells to trigger the molecular aspects of the differentiation or formulation of cardiomyocytes for the functional repair of heart injuries or cardiac defects.

中文翻译：

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用于心脏组织工程的表面改性聚合物

导致心肌梗塞和心力衰竭的心血管疾病（CVD）是全球范围内主要的死亡原因之一。生理系统无法显着再生受损心脏的功能。目前的治疗涉及药物和外科手术干预。然而，寻求侵入性较小且更具成本效益的方法。开发了这种新方法来诱导损伤后的组织再生。因此，再生医学在治疗CVD中起关键作用。最近，心脏再生的外在刺激涉及使用潜在的聚合物来刺激干细胞向心肌细胞分化，作为心脏组织工程学（CTE）的一种新的治疗手段。天然或合成聚合物和细胞表面相互作用因子/聚合物表面修饰对心脏修复的治疗潜力已在体外和体内得到证实。这篇综述将讨论使用聚合物和与干细胞强烈相互作用的细胞表面相互作用因子在CTE中的最新进展，这些因子与干细胞发生强烈相互作用，触发心肌细胞分化或形成的分子方面，以进行心脏损伤或心脏缺陷的功能修复。