Nonspecific binding (NSB) is a general issue for surface based biosensors. Various approaches have been developed to prevent or remove the NSBs. However, these approaches either increased the background signals of the sensors or limited to specific transducers interface. In this work, we developed a hydrodynamic approach to selectively remove the NSBs using a microfabricated hypersonic resonator with 2.5 gigahertz (GHz) resonant frequency. The high frequency device facilitates generation of multiple controlled microvortexes which then create cleaning forces at the solid–liquid interfaces. The competitive adhesive and cleaning forces have been investigated using the finite element method (FEM) simulation, identifying the feasibility of the vortex-induced NSB removal. NSB proteins have been selectively removed experimentally both on the surface of the resonator and on other substrates which contact the vortexes. Thus, the developed hydrodynamic approach is believed to be a simple and versatile tool for NSB removal and compatible to many sensor systems. The unique feature of the hypersonic resonator is that it can be used as a gravimetric sensor as well; thus a combined NSB removal and protein detection dual functional biosensor system is developed.

中文翻译：

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使用超音速谐振器进行生物污垢去除和蛋白质检测

非特异性结合（NSB）是基于表面的生物传感器的普遍问题。已经开发出各种方法来防止或去除NSB。但是，这些方法要么增加了传感器的背景信号，要么仅限于特定的换能器接口。在这项工作中，我们开发了一种流体动力学方法，以使用谐振频率为2.5 GHz的超音速超音速谐振器有选择地去除NSB。高频装置有助于产生多个受控的微涡旋，然后在固液界面产生清洁力。使用有限元方法（FEM）模拟研究了具有竞争力的粘合力和清洁力，确定了涡旋诱导的NSB去除的可行性。在谐振器的表面以及与涡旋接触的其他基板上，都已经通过实验选择性地去除了NSB蛋白。因此，开发的流体动力学方法被认为是用于去除NSB的简单且通用的工具，并且与许多传感器系统兼容。高超音速共振器的独特之处在于它也可以用作重量传感器。因此，开发了一种结合了NSB去除和蛋白质检测双重功能的生物传感器系统。