The graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) which is a two-dimensional conjugated polymer, has drawn broad interdisciplinary attention as a low-cost, metal-free, and visible-light-responsive photocatalyst in the area of environmental remediation. The g-C₃N₄-based materials have excellent electronic band structures, electron-rich properties, basic surface functionalities, high physicochemical stabilities, and are “earth-abundant”. This review summarizes the latest progress related to the design and construction of g-C₃N₄-based materials and their applications including catalysis, sensing, imaging, and white-light-emitting-diodes. An outlook on possible further developments in g-C₃N₄ based research for emerging properties and applications is also included.

石墨氮化碳（gC ₃ N ₄ ）是一种二维共轭聚合物，作为一种低成本、无金属、可见光响应的光催化剂在环境修复领域引起了广泛的跨学科关注。 gC ₃ N ₄基材料具有优异的电子能带结构、富电子特性、基本的表面功能、较高的物理化学稳定性，并且是“地球丰富的”。本综述总结了 gC ₃ N ₄基材料的设计和构造及其应用（包括催化、传感、成像和白光发射二极管）的最新进展。还包括对基于 gC ₃ N ₄的新兴特性和应用研究可能进一步发展的展望。