Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are physical energy fields generated by electrically charged objects, and specific ranges of EMF can influence numerous biological processes, which include the control of cell fate and plasticity. In this study, we show that electromagnetized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the presence of specific EMF conditions facilitate an efficient direct lineage reprogramming to induced dopamine neurons in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, electromagnetic stimulation leads to a specific activation of the histone acetyltransferase Brd2, which results in histone H3K27 acetylation and a robust activation of neuron-specific genes. In vivo dopaminergic neuron reprogramming by EMF stimulation of AuNPs efficiently and non-invasively alleviated symptoms in mouse Parkinson's disease models. This study provides a proof of principle for EMF-based in vivo lineage conversion as a potentially viable and safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

电磁场（EMF）是由带电物体产生的物理能量场，特定范围的EMF会影响许多生物过程，包括对细胞命运和可塑性的控制。在这项研究中，我们显示了在特定EMF条件下存在的电磁金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）有助于在体外和体内对诱导的多巴胺神经元进行有效的直接谱系重编程。值得注意的是，电磁刺激导致组蛋白乙酰转移酶Brd2的特异性激活，从而导致组蛋白H3K27乙酰化并强烈激活神经元特异性基因。体内通过EMF刺激AuNPs进行多巴胺能神经元重编程，可有效，无创地缓解小鼠帕金森氏病模型中的症状。这项研究为基于EMF的体内谱系转换提供了原理证明，可作为治疗神经退行性疾病的潜在可行且安全的治疗策略。