Exciton-polaritons are hybrid light–matter particles that form upon strong coupling of an excitonic transition to a cavity mode. As bosons, polaritons can form condensates with coherent laser-like emission. For organic materials, optically pumped condensation was achieved at room temperature but electrically pumped condensation remains elusive due to insufficient polariton densities. Here we combine the outstanding optical and electronic properties of purified, solution-processed semiconducting (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a microcavity-integrated light-emitting field-effect transistor to realize efficient electrical pumping of exciton-polaritons at room temperature with high current densities (>10 kA cm⁻²) and tunability in the near-infrared (1,060 nm to 1,530 nm). We demonstrate thermalization of SWCNT polaritons, exciton-polariton pumping rates ~10⁴ times higher than in current organic polariton devices, direct control over the coupling strength (Rabi splitting) via the applied gate voltage, and a tenfold enhancement of polaritonic over excitonic emission. This powerful material–device combination paves the way to carbon-based polariton emitters and possibly lasers.

中文翻译：

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碳纳米管微腔中激子-极化子的电泵浦和调谐

激子极化子是光子混合粒子，是在激子跃迁与腔模的强耦合时形成的。作为玻色子，极化子可以形成凝聚物，并具有相干的类似激光的发射。对于有机材料，在室温下实现了光泵浦冷凝，但是由于极化子密度不足，电泵浦冷凝仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们在微腔集成的发光场效应晶体管中结合了纯化的，固溶处理的半导体（6,5）单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）的出色光学和电子性能，以实现对激子-极化子的有效电泵浦在室温下具有高电流密度（> 10  kA  cm ^-2）和近红外可调性（1,060 1至1,530  nm）。我们证明SWCNT极化，激子-极化泵送速率〜的热化10 ⁴比现有有机极化设备，在所述耦合强度直接控制（拉比分裂）通过施加的栅极电压，以及polaritonic十倍增强过度激子发射更高倍。这种强大的材料-设备组合为碳基极化子发射器以及可能的激光器铺平了道路。