Intergenerational transcription taming Parents provide genetic information that guides the development of the offspring. Zenk et al. show that epigenetic information, in the form of the repressive mark H3K27me3, is also propagated to the offspring and regulates proper gene expression in the embryo. Preventing the propagation of maternally inherited H3K27me3 led to precocious gene activation and, ultimately, embryo lethality. Science, this issue p. 212 Inherited repressive epigenetic information controls transcriptional output in offspring. Gametes carry parental genetic material to the next generation. Stress-induced epigenetic changes in the germ line can be inherited and can have a profound impact on offspring development. However, the molecular mechanisms and consequences of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance are poorly understood. We found that Drosophila oocytes transmit the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 to their offspring. Maternal contribution of the histone methyltransferase Enhancer of zeste, the enzymatic component of Polycomb repressive complex 2, is required for active propagation of H3K27me3 during early embryogenesis. H3K27me3 in the early embryo prevents aberrant accumulation of the active histone mark H3K27ac at regulatory regions and precocious activation of lineage-specific genes at zygotic genome activation. Disruption of the germ line–inherited Polycomb epigenetic memory causes embryonic lethality that cannot be rescued by late zygotic reestablishment of H3K27me3. Thus, maternally inherited H3K27me3, propagated in the early embryo, regulates the activation of enhancers and lineage-specific genes during development.

中文翻译：

---

种系遗传的 H3K27me3 在母体到合子过渡期间限制增强子功能

代际转录驯服 父母提供指导后代发育的遗传信息。曾克等人。表明表观遗传信息以抑制标记 H3K27me3 的形式传播给后代并调节胚胎中的适当基因表达。阻止母系遗传的 H3K27me3 的繁殖导致早熟基因激活，并最终导致胚胎致死。科学，这个问题 p。212 遗传的抑制性表观遗传信息控制后代的转录输出。配子将亲本遗传物质传给下一代。种系中压力诱导的表观遗传变化可以遗传，并对后代的发育产生深远的影响。然而，对跨代表观遗传的分子机制和后果知之甚少。我们发现果蝇卵母细胞将抑制性组蛋白标记 H3K27me3 传递给它们的后代。zeste 的组蛋白甲基转移酶增强剂（Polycomb 抑制复合物 2 的酶组分）的母体贡献是 H3K27me3 在早期胚胎发生过程中的主动繁殖所必需的。早期胚胎中的 H3K27me3 可防止活性组蛋白标记 H3K27ac 在调节区域的异常积累以及在合子基因组激活时谱系特异性基因的过早激活。种系遗传的 Polycomb 表观遗传记忆的破坏会导致胚胎致死，而 H3K27me3 的晚期合子重建无法挽救这种致死率。因此，在早期胚胎中繁殖的母系遗传的 H3K27me3 在发育过程中调节增强子和谱系特异性基因的激活。