Platinum nanoparticles in nanobiomedicine,Chemical Society Reviews

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Platinum nanoparticles in nanobiomedicine
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-11 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00152e
Deborah Pedone _{1,

1,

2,

3,

4} , Mauro Moglianetti _{1,

1,

2,

3,

4} , Elisa De Luca _{1,

1,

2,

3,

4} , Giuseppe Bardi _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Pier Paolo Pompa _{1,

1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Oxidative stress-dependent inflammatory diseases represent a major concern for the population's health worldwide. Biocompatible nanomaterials with enzymatic properties could play a crucial role in the treatment of such pathologies. In this respect, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) are promising candidates, showing remarkable catalytic activity, able to reduce the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and impair the downstream pathways leading to inflammation. This review reports a critical overview of the growing evidence revealing the anti-inflammatory ability of PtNPs and their potential applications in nanomedicine. It provides a detailed description of the wide variety of synthetic methods recently developed, with particular attention to the aspects influencing biocompatibility. Special attention has been paid to the studies describing the toxicological profile of PtNPs with an attempt to draw critical conclusions. The emerging picture suggests that the material per se is not causing cytotoxicity, while other physicochemical features related to the synthesis and surface functionalization may play a crucial role in determining the observed impairment of cellular functions. The enzymatic activity of PtNPs is also summarized, analyzing their action against ROS produced by pathological conditions within the cells. In particular, we extensively discuss the potential of these properties in nanomedicine to down-regulate inflammatory pathways or to be employed as diagnostic tools with colorimetric readout. A brief overview of other biomedical applications of nanoplatinum is also presented.

中文翻译：

纳米生物医学中的铂纳米颗粒

氧化应激依赖性炎性疾病是全世界人口健康的主要关注点。具有酶促性质的生物相容性纳米材料可以在此类病理学的治疗中发挥关键作用。在这方面，铂纳米粒子（PtNPs）是有前途的候选者，显示出显着的催化活性，能够降低细胞内活性氧（ROS）的水平并损害导致炎症的下游途径。这篇评论报告了越来越多的证据的关键性概述，这些证据揭示了PtNPs的抗炎能力及其在纳米医学中的潜在应用。它提供了最近开发的多种合成方法的详细说明，尤其是影响生物相容性的方面。为了描述关键的结论，已经特别注意了描述PtNPs毒理学特征的研究。新兴的图片表明材料本身并不引起细胞毒性，而与合成和表面功能化有关的其他物理化学特征可能在确定观察到的细胞功能损害中起关键作用。还总结了PtNPs的酶活性，分析了它们对细胞内病理状况产生的ROS的作用。特别是，我们广泛讨论了纳米药物中这些特性可能下调炎症途径或用作比色读数的诊断工具的潜力。还简要介绍了纳米铂的其他生物医学应用。

更新日期：2017-07-12

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