Research in artificial photosynthesis is driven by the goal of creating low-cost, integrated systems for the direct conversion of solar energy to high energy density fuels. Water-splitting dye-sensitized solar cells can in principle leverage the successful architecture, spectral tunability, and high quantum efficiency of regenerative photovoltaic dye cells toward this goal. In this article, we review the current development of both dye-sensitized photoanodes and photocathodes for water splitting. A detailed discussion of the individual components of photoanodes and photocathodes – semiconductors, sensitizers, and catalysts – is presented. We review experiments on the electron transfer kinetics that control the efficiency of water splitting, and highlight recent research on electrode architectures that can improve both the efficiency and stability of water-splitting dye cells.

中文翻译：

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水分解染料敏化太阳能电池

人造光合作用的研究受到创建低成本，集成系统以将太阳能直接转化为高能量密度燃料的目标的驱动。分解水的染料敏化太阳能电池原则上可以将再生光伏染料电池的成功架构，光谱可调性和高量子效率用于该目标。在本文中，我们回顾了染料敏化光阳极和用于水分解的光阴极的最新发展。本文详细讨论了光阳极和光阴极的各个组成部分-半导体，敏化剂和催化剂。我们回顾了有关控制水分解效率的电子转移动力学的实验，