Li ion batteries are important components of portable devices, electric vehicles, and smart grids owing to their high energy density, excellent cyclic performance, and safe operation. However, further development of electrode materials for these batteries is needed to satisfy continually increasing performance demands. Typically, both the charge/discharge kinetics and structural stability of these electrode materials depend on the transport and storage properties of the Li ions. High-spatial-resolution information on structural changes and on the strong interaction between electrons and ions is essential for a better understanding of the electrochemical performance of rechargeable batteries. In this article, we review the known atomic-scale structural changes of these electrode materials during the charge/discharge process, with special emphasis on ion/electron interactions.

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锂离子电池电极材料的原子尺度结构-性能关系

锂离子电池具有能量密度高、循环性能好、运行安全等优点，是便携式设备、电动汽车和智能电网的重要组成部分。然而，需要进一步开发这些电池的电极材料以满足不断增长的性能需求。通常，这些电极材料的充电/放电动力学和结构稳定性都取决于锂离子的传输和存储特性。有关结构变化和电子与离子之间强相互作用的高空间分辨率信息对于更好地了解可充电电池的电化学性能至关重要。在本文中，我们回顾了这些电极材料在充电/放电过程中已知的原子级结构变化，