The rapid evolution and dissemination of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens are outpacing the development of new antibiotics, but antivirulence agents provide an alternative. These agents can circumvent antibiotic resistance by disarming pathogens of virulence factors that facilitate human disease while leaving bacterial growth pathways — the target of traditional antibiotics — intact. Either as stand-alone medications or together with antibiotics, these drugs are intended to treat bacterial infections in a largely pathogen-specific manner. Notably, development of antivirulence drugs requires an in-depth understanding of the roles that diverse virulence factors have in disease processes. In this Review, we outline the theory behind antivirulence strategies and provide examples of bacterial features that can be targeted by antivirulence approaches. Furthermore, we discuss the recent successes and failures of this paradigm, and new developments that are in the pipeline.

中文翻译：

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各种针对臭虫的药物：抗药性时代的抗病毒策略

细菌病原体中抗生素抗性的快速发展和传播超过了新抗生素的开发，但是抗毒剂提供了另一种选择。这些药剂可通过解除有助于人类疾病的致病因子的病原体的武装来规避抗生素耐药性，同时保持细菌生长途径（传统抗生素的目标）完好无损。这些药物既可以作为独立药物使用，也可以与抗生素一起用于以很大程度上取决于病原体的方式治疗细菌感染。值得注意的是，抗毒药物的开发需要深入了解各种毒力因子在疾病过程中的作用。在这篇评论中，我们概述了抗毒力策略背后的理论，并提供了可被抗毒力方法作为目标的细菌特征的实例。此外，我们讨论了该范例的最近成功和失败，以及即将进行的新开发。