Metabolism is highly complex and involves thousands of different connected reactions; it is therefore necessary to use mathematical models for holistic studies. The use of mathematical models in biology is referred to as systems biology. In this review, the principles of systems biology are described, and two different types of mathematical models used for studying metabolism are discussed: kinetic models and genome-scale metabolic models. The use of different omics technologies, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and fluxomics, for studying metabolism is presented. Finally, the application of systems biology for analyzing global regulatory structures, engineering the metabolism of cell factories, and analyzing human diseases is discussed.

中文翻译：

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代谢系统生物学

代谢非常复杂，涉及成千上万种不同的关联反应；因此，有必要使用数学模型进行整体研究。在生物学中使用数学模型被称为系统生物学。在这篇综述中，描述了系统生物学的原理，并讨论了用于研究代谢的两种不同类型的数学模型：动力学模型和基因组规模的代谢模型。介绍了使用不同的组学技术（包括转录组学，蛋白质组学，代谢组学和通量组学）研究代谢的方法。最后，讨论了系统生物学在分析全球调控结构，工程化细胞工厂的代谢以及分析人类疾病中的应用。