Harnessing the distinct characteristics of nanomaterials integrated into host matrices to enable multi-responsive, multi-functional and adapting capabilities of the resulting materials and systems is a thriving research frontier in contemporary nanoscience. Herein, we have judiciously designed and synthesized a mesogen-functionalized graphene (MFG) to facilitate homogeneous dispersion and compatibility with our newly developed liquid crystal (LC) medium. We then demonstrate the concept of an adaptive window system that can autonomously change the optical transparency in response to external multiple stimuli by the fabrication of polymer-stabilized MFG-containing liquid crystalline films with self-organized chiral superstructures. The light transmittance of films could be expediently modulated through the reversible phase transition between the chiral smectic A (SmA*) and the chiral nematic (N*) phases either by environmental temperature change or shining infrared radiation, where the transparent state is furnished by the homeotropic SmA* phase whilst the opaque state results from the focal conic configuration of the N* phase. Importantly, when desired, the opaque state of the devices could be facilely switched into a transparent state by applying an electric field. The research disclosed here provides a convenient and versatile method to dynamically control over the light transmittance through the windows with adaptive behavior in response to multiple environmental cues such as surrounding temperature and infrared exposure from solar radiations, which holds great potential in architectural and automotive applications with intelligent adaptability and energy efficiency.

中文翻译：

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由介晶功能化石墨烯实现的自适应窗口的刺激导向自组织手性超结构

利用纳米材料的独特特性集成到基质中，使所得材料和系统具有多响应、多功能和适应能力，是当代纳米科学的一个蓬勃发展的研究前沿。在此，我们明智地设计并合成了介晶功能化石墨烯 (MFG)，以促进与我们新开发的液晶 (LC) 介质的均匀分散和兼容性。然后，我们展示了自适应窗口系统的概念，该系统可以通过制造具有自组织手性超结构的聚合物稳定的含有 MFG 的液晶薄膜来自主改变光学透明度以响应外部多重刺激。通过手性近晶 A (SmA*) 和手性向列 (N*) 相之间的可逆相变可以通过环境温度变化或闪亮的红外辐射方便地调节薄膜的透光率，其中透明状态由垂直 SmA* 相，而不透明状态是由 N* 相的焦锥配置引起的。重要的是，当需要时，可以通过施加电场轻松地将器件的不透明状态转换为透明状态。此处公开的研究提供了一种方便且通用的方法，可以通过具有自适应行为的窗户动态控制透光率，以响应多种环境因素，例如周围温度和来自太阳辐射的红外暴露，