Environmental noise and disorder play critical roles in quantum particle and wave transport in complex media, including solid-state and biological systems. While separately both effects are known to reduce transport, recent work predicts that in a limited region of parameter space, noise-induced dephasing can counteract localization effects, leading to enhanced quantum transport. Photonic integrated circuits are promising platforms for studying such effects, with a central goal of developing large systems providing low-loss, high-fidelity control over all parameters of the transport problem. Here, we fully map the role of disorder in quantum transport using a nanophotonic processor: a mesh of 88 generalized beamsplitters programmable on microsecond timescales. Over 64,400 experiments we observe distinct transport regimes, including environment-assisted quantum transport and the ‘quantum Goldilocks’ regime in statically disordered discrete-time systems. Low-loss and high-fidelity programmable transformations make this nanophotonic processor a promising platform for many-boson quantum simulation experiments.

环境噪声和无序在包括固体和生物系统在内的复杂介质中的量子粒子和波传输中起着至关重要的作用。虽然已知这两种效应分别会降低传输，但最近的工作预测，在参数空间的有限区域内，噪声引起的相移可以抵消定位效应，从而导致增强的量子传输。光子集成电路是研究此类效应的有前途的平台，其主要目标是开发大型系统，以对传输问题的所有参数进行低损耗，高保真度控制。在这里，我们使用纳米光子处理器完整地映射了无序在量子传输中的作用：一个可在微秒时标上编程的88个广义分束器的网格。在超过64,400个实验中，我们观察到了不同的传输方式，包括环境辅助量子传输和静态无序离散时间系统中的“量子Goldilocks”机制。低损耗和高保真度的可编程转换使该纳米光子处理器成为进行多玻色子量子仿真实验的有前途的平台。