Tremendous efforts have been made to design the cathode of Li–S batteries to improve their energy density and cycling life. However, challenges remain in achieving fast electronic and ionic transport while accommodating the significant cathode volumetric change, especially for the cathode with a high practical mass loading. Here we report a cathode architecture, which is constructed by burning lithium foils in a CS₂ vapour. The obtained structure features crystalline Li₂S nanoparticles wrapped by few-layer graphene (Li₂S@graphene nanocapsules). Because of the improvement on the volumetric efficiency for accommodating sulfur active species and electrical properties, the cathode design enables promising electrochemical performance. More notably, at a loading of 10 mg_Li₂S cm⁻², the electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 1,160 mAh g⁻¹s, namely, an area capacity of 8.1 mAh cm⁻². Li₂S@graphene cathode demonstrates a great potential for Li-ion batteries, where the Li₂S@graphene-cathode//graphite-anode cell displays a high capacity of 730 mAh g⁻¹s as well as stable cycle performance.

为了设计Li-S电池的阴极，已经做出了巨大的努力，以提高其能量密度和循环寿命。然而，在适应显着的阴极体积变化同时实现快速的电子和离子传输方面仍然存在挑战，特别是对于具有高实际质量负载的阴极而言。在这里，我们报告了一种阴极结构，该结构是通过在CS ₂蒸气中燃烧锂箔而构造的。所获得的结构具有被几层石墨烯包裹的结晶Li ₂ S纳米颗粒（Li ₂S @石墨烯纳米胶囊）。由于用于容纳硫活性物质的体积效率和电性能的改善，阴极设计实现了有希望的电化学性能。更值得注意的是，在10 mg _Li ² S  cm ^-2的负载下，电极表现出1,160 mAh g ^-1 s的高可逆容量，即8.1 mAh cm ^-2的面积容量。Li ₂ S @石墨烯阴极显示出锂离子电池的巨大潜力，其中Li ₂ S @石墨烯阴极//石墨阳极电池显示出730 mAh g ^-1 s的高容量以及稳定的循环性能。