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Understanding the Chemistry and Biology of Glycosylation with Glycan Synthesis
Annual Review of Biochemistry ( IF 12.1 ) Pub Date : 2016-06-13 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-034420
Larissa Krasnova,Chi-Huey Wong

Glycoscience research has been significantly impeded by the complex compositions of the glycans present in biological molecules and the lack of convenient tools suitable for studying the glycosylation process and its function. Polysaccharides and glycoconjugates are not encoded directly by genes; instead, their biosynthesis relies on the differential expression of carbohydrate enzymes, resulting in heterogeneous mixtures of glycoforms, each with a distinct physiological activity. Access to well-defined structures is required for functional study, and this has been provided by chemical and enzymatic synthesis and by the engineering of glycosylation pathways. This review covers general methods for preparing glycans commonly found in mammalian systems and applying them to the synthesis of therapeutically significant glycoconjugates (glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins) and the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines.

中文翻译:


通过糖基合成了解糖基化的化学和生物学

由于存在于生物分子中的聚糖的复杂组成以及缺乏适合于研究糖基化过程及其功能的便捷工具,糖科学的研究受到了极大的阻碍。多糖和糖结合物不是由基因直接编码的;取而代之的是,它们的生物合成依赖于碳水化合物酶的差异表达,从而导致糖型的异质混合物,每种均具有独特的生理活性。功能研究需要获得定义明确的结构,这是通过化学和酶促合成以及糖基化途径的工程实现的。

更新日期:2016-06-13
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