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Organization and Regulation of Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis*
Annual Review of Biochemistry ( IF 12.1 ) Pub Date : 2016-06-13 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014334
Martin Ott 1 , Alexey Amunts 1, 2 , Alan Brown 3
Affiliation  

Mitochondria are essential organelles of endosymbiotic origin that are responsible for oxidative phosphorylation within eukaryotic cells. Independent evolution between species has generated mitochondrial genomes that are extremely diverse, with the composition of the vestigial genome determining their translational requirements. Typically, translation within mitochondria is restricted to a few key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes that are synthesized by dedicated ribosomes (mitoribosomes). The dramatically rearranged mitochondrial genomes, the limited set of transcripts, and the need for the synthesized proteins to coassemble with nuclear-encoded subunits have had substantial consequences for the translation machinery. Recent high-resolution cryo–electron microscopy has revealed the effect of coevolution on the mitoribosome with the mitochondrial genome. In this review, we place the new structural information in the context of the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial translation and focus on the novel ways protein synthesis is organized and regulated in mitochondria.

中文翻译:


线粒体蛋白质合成的组织和调控*

线粒体是内共生起源的重要细胞器,负责真核细胞内的氧化磷酸化。物种之间的独立进化产生了极其多样化的线粒体基因组,残留基因组的组成决定了它们的翻译要求。通常,线粒体内的翻译仅限于由专用核糖体(线粒体核糖体)合成的氧化磷酸化复合物的几个关键亚基。线粒体基因组的显着重排、有限的转录本以及合成蛋白质与核编码亚基共同组装的需求对翻译机制产生了重大影响。最近的高分辨率低温电子显微镜揭示了线粒体基因组共同进化对线粒体核糖体的影响。在这篇综述中,我们将新的结构信息置于线粒体翻译的分子机制的背景下,并专注于蛋白质合成在线粒体中组织和调节的新方式。

更新日期:2016-06-13
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