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X-ray Scattering Studies of Protein Structural Dynamics
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-30 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00790
Steve P Meisburger 1 , William C Thomas 1 , Maxwell B Watkins 1 , Nozomi Ando 1
Affiliation  

X-ray scattering is uniquely suited to the study of disordered systems and thus has the potential to provide insight into dynamic processes where diffraction methods fail. In particular, while X-ray crystallography has been a staple of structural biology for more than half a century and will continue to remain so, a major limitation of this technique has been the lack of dynamic information. Solution X-ray scattering has become an invaluable tool in structural and mechanistic studies of biological macromolecules where large conformational changes are involved. Such systems include allosteric enzymes that play key roles in directing metabolic fluxes of biochemical pathways, as well as large, assembly-line type enzymes that synthesize secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, crystallography has the potential to provide information on protein dynamics via the diffuse scattering patterns that are overlaid with Bragg diffraction. Historically, these patterns have been very difficult to interpret, but recent advances in X-ray detection have led to a renewed interest in diffuse scattering analysis as a way to probe correlated motions. Here, we will review X-ray scattering theory and highlight recent advances in scattering-based investigations of protein solutions and crystals, with a particular focus on complex enzymes.

中文翻译:


蛋白质结构动力学的 X 射线散射研究



X 射线散射特别适合研究无序系统,因此有可能深入了解衍射方法无法实现的动态过程。特别是,虽然半个多世纪以来,X 射线晶体学一直是结构生物学的主要内容,并将继续如此,但该技术的主要限制是缺乏动态信息。溶液 X 射线散射已成为涉及较大构象变化的生物大分子的结构和机制研究中的宝贵工具。此类系统包括在引导生化途径的代谢通量中发挥关键作用的变构酶,以及合成具有药物应用的次级代谢物的大型装配线型酶。此外,晶体学有可能通过与布拉格衍射叠加的漫散射图案提供有关蛋白质动力学的信息。从历史上看,这些模式很难解释,但 X 射线检测的最新进展引起了人们对漫散射分析作为探测相关运动的一种方法的新兴趣。在这里,我们将回顾 X 射线散射理论,并重点介绍基于散射的蛋白质溶液和晶体研究的最新进展,特别关注复杂酶。
更新日期:2017-05-30
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