Tellurium (Te) is a rare element in trace amounts of about one part per billion, comparable to that of platinum and ranked 75th in the abundance of the elements in the earth crust. Te nanostructures, as narrow bandgap semiconductors, have numerous potential applications in the fabrication of many modern devices. The past decades have witnessed an explosion in new strategies for synthesizing diverse emerging Te nanostructures with controlled compositions, sizes, shapes, and structures. Their structure-determined nature makes functional Te nanomaterials an attractive candidate for modern applications. This review focuses on the synthesis and morphology control of emerging Te nanostructures and summarizes the latest developments in the applications of Te nanostructures, such as their use as chemical transformation templates to access a huge family of nanowires/nanotubes, batteries, photodetectors, ion detection and removal, element doping, piezoelectric energy harvesting, gas sensing, thermoelectric devices and many other device applications. Various Te nanostructures with different shapes and structures will exploit the beneficial properties associated with their assembly process and nanofabrication. Finally, the prospects for future applications of Te nanomaterials are summarized and highlighted.

中文翻译：

---

新兴碲纳米结构：可控合成及其应用

碲（Te）是一种稀有元素，其痕量约为十亿分之一，与铂金相当，在地壳中元素的丰度中排名第75位。纳米结构作为窄带隙半导体，在许多现代设备的制造中具有许多潜在的应用。在过去的几十年中，用于合成具有受控组成，尺寸，形状和结构的各种新兴Te纳米结构的新策略有了爆炸式增长。其结构确定的性质使功能性Te纳米材料成为现代应用的有吸引力的候选者。这篇综述着重于新兴的Te纳米结构的合成和形态控制，并总结了Te纳米结构在应用方面的最新进展，例如将它们用作化学转化模板，以访问大量的纳米线/纳米管，电池，光电探测器，离子检测和去除，元素掺杂，压电能量收集，气体传感，热电设备以及许多其他设备应用。具有不同形状和结构的各种Te纳米结构将利用与其组装过程和纳米加工相关的有益特性。最后，总结并强调了Te纳米材料未来应用的前景。具有不同形状和结构的各种Te纳米结构将利用与其组装过程和纳米加工相关的有益特性。最后，总结并强调了Te纳米材料未来应用的前景。具有不同形状和结构的各种Te纳米结构将利用与其组装过程和纳米加工相关的有益特性。最后，总结并强调了Te纳米材料未来应用的前景。