Epigenetic modification of nucleic acids: from basic studies to medical applications,Chemical Society Reviews

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Epigenetic modification of nucleic acids: from basic studies to medical applications
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-03-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00599c
Yuqi Chen _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Tingting Hong _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Shaoru Wang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Jing Mo _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Tian Tian _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Xiang Zhou _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

The epigenetic modification of nucleic acids represents one of the most significant areas of study in the field of nucleic acids because it makes gene regulation more complex and heredity more complicated, thus indicating its profound impact on aspects of heredity, growth, and diseases. The recent characterization of epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA using chemical labelling strategies has promoted the discovery of these modifications, and the newly developed single-base or single-cell resolution mapping strategies have enabled large-scale epigenetic studies in eukaryotes. Due to these technological breakthroughs, several new epigenetic marks have been discovered that have greatly extended the scope and impact of epigenetic modifications in nucleic acids over the past few years. Because epigenetics is reversible and susceptible to environmental factors, it could potentially be a promising direction for clinical medicine research. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed how these epigenetic marks are involved in disease, including the pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease. These findings have revealed that the epigenetic modification of nucleic acids has considerable significance in various areas from methodology to clinical medicine and even in biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

核酸的表观遗传修饰：从基础研究到医学应用

核酸的表观遗传修饰代表了核酸领域最重要的研究领域之一，因为它使基因调控变得更加复杂，遗传更加复杂，从而表明其对遗传，生长和疾病等方面的深远影响。最近使用化学标记策略表征DNA和RNA的表观遗传修饰促进了这些修饰的发现，新开发的单碱基或单细胞分辨率作图策略已使真核生物能够进行大规模表观遗传研究。由于这些技术上的突破，在过去的几年中，已经发现了几个新的表观遗传标记，这些标记极大地扩展了表观遗传修饰在核酸中的范围和影响。由于表观遗传学是可逆的并且容易受到环境因素的影响，因此它可能是临床医学研究的一个有前途的方向。在这篇综述中，我们全面讨论了这些表观遗传标记如何与疾病有关，包括疾病的发病机理，预防，诊断和治疗。这些发现表明，核酸的表观遗传修饰在从方法学到临床医学甚至在生物医学应用的各个领域中都具有相当重要的意义。

更新日期：2017-05-04

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