Ordered amphiphile self-assembly materials with a tunable three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure are of fundamental interest, and crucial for progressing several biological and biomedical applications, including in meso membrane protein crystallization, as drug and medical contrast agent delivery vehicles, and as biosensors and biofuel cells. In binary systems consisting of an amphiphile and a solvent, the ability to tune the 3D cubic phase nanostructure, lipid bilayer properties and the lipid mesophase is limited. A move beyond the binary compositional space is therefore required for efficient engineering of the required material properties. In this critical review, the phase transitions upon encapsulation of more than 130 amphiphilic and soluble additives into the bicontinuous lipidic cubic phase under excess hydration are summarized. The data are interpreted using geometric considerations, interfacial curvature, electrostatic interactions, partition coefficients and miscibility of the alkyl chains. The obtained lyotropic liquid crystal engineering design rules can be used to enhance the formulation of self-assembly materials and provides a large library of these materials for use in biomedical applications (242 references).

中文翻译：

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溶致液晶工程超越二元组成空间-通过设计有序纳米结构两亲性自组装材料

具有可调谐的三维（3D）纳米结构的有序两亲自组装材料是人们的基本兴趣，对于推进包括内消旋在内的多种生物和生物医学应用至关重要膜蛋白结晶，作为药物和医学造影剂的传递载体，以及生物传感器和生物燃料电池。在由两亲物和溶剂组成的二元系统中，调节3D立方相纳米结构，脂质双层性质和脂质中间相的能力受到限制。因此，为了有效地设计所需的材料特性，需要超越二元组成空间。在这一重要综述中，总结了在过量水合条件下将超过130种两亲和可溶添加剂封装到双连续脂质立方相中时的相变。使用几何考虑，界面曲率，静电相互作用，分配系数和烷基链的可混溶性来解释数据。