Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an integral part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms. Due to the alarming increase of resistance to antimicrobial therapeutics, a growing interest in alternative antimicrobial agents has led to the exploitation of AMPs, both synthetic and isolated from natural sources. Thus, many peptide‐based drugs have been the focus of increasing attention by many researchers not only in identifying novel AMPs, but in defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity as well. Herein, we review the available strategies for the identification of AMPs in human body fluids and their mechanism(s) of action. In addition, an overview of the distribution of AMPs across different human body fluids is provided, as well as its relation with microorganisms and infectious conditions.

中文翻译：

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体液中的人类抗菌肽：抗生素时代后的当前知识和治疗前景。

抗菌肽（AMPs）是许多生物体固有免疫防御机制不可或缺的一部分。由于对抗微生物治疗剂的惊人增加，对替代抗微生物剂的兴趣与日俱增，导致人们开发了合成的和与天然来源分离的AMP。因此，许多基于肽的药物已成为许多研究人员日益关注的焦点，不仅是在鉴定新型AMP方面，而且还在确定抗菌肽活性的机制上。在本文中，我们回顾了用于识别人体液中AMPs及其作用机制的可用策略。另外，提供了AMP在不同人体液中的分布及其与微生物和感染状况的关系的概述。