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个人简介

K. N. Houk received his A.B., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees at Harvard, working with R. B. Woodward on experimental tests of orbital symmetry selection rules. In 1968, he joined the faculty at Louisiana State University, moved to the University of Pittsburgh in 1980, and to UCLA in 1986. From 1988-1990, he was Director of the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation. He was Chairman of the UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry from 1991-1994 and became the Saul Winstein Chair in Organic Chemistry in 2009. Professor Houk has been awarded the von Humboldt Foundation U.S. Senior Scientist Award in 1981, an Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award from the ACS in 1988, the 1991 ACS James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry, and the 1998 of the Schrödinger Medal of the World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists (WATOC). He was the Faculty Research Lecturer at UCLA, received the Bruylants Chair from the University of Louvain-la-Neuve in Belgium in 1998, and received an honorary doctorate (Dr. rer. nat. h. c.) from the University of Essen in Germany in 1999. He has been an Erskine Fellow in New Zealand, a Lady Davis Fellow at the Technion in Haifa, Israel, and a JSPS Fellow in Japan. He was named Honorary Professor at the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, in 2014. He won the Tolman Medal of the Southern California Section of the ACS in 1999. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2002 and the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Sciences in 2003. He was the 2003 winner of the ACS Award for Computers in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. He is a Fellow of the AAAS, the ACS, and of the WATOC. He was awarded the Arthur C. Cope Award of the ACS in 2009, was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2010, became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2012, and was awarded the Robert Robinson Award of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2012. He received the UCLA Society of Postdoctoral Scholars Mentoring Award and the UCLA Glenn T. Seaborg Medal in 2013. In 2019, he was appointed as a Visiting Lecturer at Nanjing Agricultural University.

研究领域

The Houk Group solves problems in organic and biological chemistry using theoretical and computational methods. Theoretical predictions and designs of new reactions, reagents, and catalysts are tested experimentally by a worldwide network of collaborators. The group is currently heavily involved in the study of dynamics of chemical reactions and the motions and properties of nanomachines. The Houk Group conducts research in the following areas: Molecular dynamics of chemical reaction mechanisms, especially ambimodal reactions Enzyme mechanisms, selectivities, and design of novel enzymes Pericyclases: enzymes that catalyze pericyclic reactions Mechanisms and design of stereoselective organic reactions and catalysts Pericyclic reaction mechanisms, dynamics, rates, synthetic applications, and biorthogonal chemistry Organometallic reaction mechanisms and CH functionalizations Organic materials, molecular devices, and host-guest chemistry – structures and dynamics

近期论文

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Benjamin J. Huffman, Tiffany Chu, Yusuke Hanaki, Jonathan J. Wong, Shuming Chen, Kendall N. Houk, and Ryan J. Shenvi: “Stereodivergent Attached-Ring Synthesis via Non-Covalent Interactions: A Short Formal Synthesis of Merrilactone A,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 61, e202114514 (2022). Robin Padilla, K. Peter C. Vollhardt, Kendall N. Houk, and Jonathan J. Wong: “Bis(nu5-cyclopentadienyl)[mu-(4b,5,5a-nu3:9b,10,10a-nu3)-2,3,7,8-tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2,-b]biphenylene]-syn-dicobalt (Co-Co), a Dinuclear n-Complex of the Linear [3]Phenylene Framework,” Synlett, 33, 34-37 (2022). Sofiane Hocine, Gilles Berger, K. N. Houk, and Stephen Hanessian: “Catalytic Properties of 4,5-Bridged Proline Methano- and Ethanologues in the Hajos-Parrish Intramolecular Aldol Reaction,” Org. Chem. Frontiers, 9, 649-659 (2022). Zhen Liu, Zi-Yang Qin, Ledong Zhu, Soumitra V. Athavale, Arkajyoti Sengupta, Zhi-Jun Jia, Marc Garcia-Borras, K. N. Houk, and Frances Arnold: “An Enzymatic Platform for Primary Amination of 1-Aryl-2-alkyl Alkynes,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 80-85 (2022). Dennis Svatunek, Martin Wilkovitsch, Lea Hartmann, K. N. Houk, and Hannes Mikula: “Uncovering the Key Role of Distortion in Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Tools that Defy the Reactivity/Stability Trade-Off,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 8171-8177 (2022). Qiang Huang, Ga Young Lee, Jiayi Li, Chuan Wang, Rosalinda L. Zhao, Zixin Deng, K. N. Houk, and Yi-Lei Zhao: “Origin of Iodine Preferential Attack at Sulfur in Phosphorothioate and Subsequent P-O or P-S Bond Dissociation,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 119, e2119032119 (2022). Fengjiao Liu, Siqi Ma, Zeying Lu, Anjanay Nangia, Meng Duan, Yanmin Yu, Guozheo Xu, Ye Mei, Massimo Bietti, and K. N. Houk: “Hydrogen Abstraction by Alkoxyl Radicals: Computational Studies of Thermodynamic and Polarity Effects on Reactivities and Selectivities,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 6802-6812 (2022). Qiaolin Yan, Meng Duan, Cien Chen, Zhiqing Deng, Mandi Wu, Peiyuan Yu, Ming-Liang He, Guangyu Zhu, K. N. Houk, and Jianwei Sun: “Organocatalytic Discrimination of Non-Directing Aryl and Heteroaryl Groups: Enantioselective Synthesis of Bioactive Indole-Containing Triarylmethanes,” Chem. Sci., 13, 5767-5773 (2022). Chen Zhang, Hao Zuo, Ga Young Lee, Yike Zou, Qiu-Di Dang, K. N. Houk, and Dawen Niu: “Halogen-Bond-Assisted Radical Activation of Glycosyl Donors Enables Mild and Stereoconvergent 1,2-cis¬-Glycosylation,” Nature Chem., Early View Article (2022). Bo Chen, K. N. Houk, Robert Cammi: “High-Pressure Reaction Profiles and Activation Volumes of 1,3-Cyclohexadiene Dimerizations Computed by the Extreme Pressure-Polarizable Continuum Model (XP-PCM),” Chem. Eur. J., Early View Article (2022). Douglas A. Rose, Joseph W. Treacy, Zhongyue J. Yang, Jeong Hoon Ko, K. N. Houk, and Heather D. Maynard: “Self-Immolative Hydroxybenzylamine Linkers for Traceless Protein Modification,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 6050-6058 (2022). Cooper S. Jamieson, Masao Ohashi, K. N. Houk, and Yi Tang: “Computational Prediction and Experimental Validation of a Bridged Cation Intermediate in Akanthomycin Biosynthesis,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 5280-5283 (2022). Caner Deger, Shaun Tan, K. N. Houk, Yang Yang, and Ilhan Yuvuz: “Lattice Strain Suppresses Point Defect Formation in Halide Perovskites,” Nano Research, Early View Article (2022). Bo Li, Xingyi Guan, Song Yang, Yike Zou, Wen Liu, and K. N. Houk: “Mechanism of the Stereoselective Catalysis of Diels-Alderase PyrE3 Involved in Pyrroindomycin Biosynthesis,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 5099-5107 (2022). Rosa V. Espinoza, Mark A. Maskeri, Aneta Turlik, Anjanay Nangia, Yogan Khatri, John Montgomery, K. N. Houk, and David H. Sherman: “Epoxidation and Late-Stage C-H Functionalization by P450 Taml Are Mediated by Variant Heme-Iron Oxidixing Species,” ACS Catal., 12, 3731-3742 (2022). Isaac Benavides, Eric D. Raftery, Alexandra G. Bell, Declan Evans, Wendell A. Scott, K. N. Houk, and Timothy J. Deming: “Poly(dehydroalanine): Synthesis, Properties, and Functional Diversifcation of a Fluorescent Polypeptide,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 4214-4223 (2022). Ledong Zhu, Mark A. Maskeri, Melissa Ramirez, F. Le Bideau, Leon Ghosez, and K. N. Houk: “Computational Exploration of Anomalous Regioselectivities in Cycloadditions of Ketenes to Oxazolines,” J. Org. Chem., 87, 3613-3622 (2022). Kevin A. Murray, Declan Evans, Michael P. Hughes, Michael R. Sawaya, Carolyn J. Hu, Kendall N. Houk, and David Eisenberg: “Extended beta-Strands Contribute to Reversible Amyloid Formation,” ACS Nano, 16, 2154-2163 (2022). Katherine I. Albanese, Andrew Leaver-Fay, Joseph W. Treacy, Rodney Park, K. N. Houk, Brian Kuhlman, and Marcey L. Waters: “Comparative Analysis of Sulfonium-pi, Ammonium-pi, and Sulfur-pi Interactions and Relevance to SAM-Dependent Methyltransferases,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 2535-2545 (2022). David A. Gutierrez, James Fettinger, K. N. Houk, Kaori Ando, and Jared T. Shaw: “Diastereoselective Addition of Prochiral Nucleophilic Alkenes to alpha-Chiral N-Sulfonyl Imines,” Org. Lett., 24, 1164-1168 (2022). Liwen Xing, Ji-Ren Liu, Xin Hong, Kendall N. Houk, and Christine K. Luscombe: “An Exception to the Carothers Equation Caused by the Accelerated Chain Extension in a Pd/Ag Cocatalyzed Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling Polymerization,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 2311-2322 (2022). Hong Deng, Minyan Wang, Yong Liang, Xiangyang Chen, Tianhang Wang, Jonathan J. Wong, Yue Zhao, Kendall N. Houk, and Zhuangzhi Shi: “Palladium-Catalyzed Stereospecific C-P Coupling toward Diverse PN-heterocycles,” Chem, 8, 569-579 (2022). Benjamin Wigman, Woojin Lee, Wenjing Wei, Kendall N. Houk, and Hosea M. Nelson: “Electrochemical Fluorination of Vinyl Boronates through Donor-Stabilized Vinyl Carbocation Intermediates,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Early View Article (2022). Bo Li, Hui Xu, Yangfeng Dang, and K. N. Houk: “Dispersion and Steric Effects on Enantio-/Diastereoselectivities in Synergistic Dual Transition-Metal Catalysis,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 144, 1971-1985 (2022). Meng Duan, Christian David Diaz-Oviedo, Yang Zhou, Xiangyang Chen, Peiyuan Yu, Benjamin List, Kendall N. Houk, and Yu Lan: “Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Conversion of Epoxides into Thiiranes: Mechanism, Stereochemical Model, and New Catalyst Design,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 61, e202113204 (2022). Kelsey M. Kean, Stefanie A. Baril, Kelsey N. Lamb, Sarah N. Dishman, Joseph W. Treacy, Kendall N. Houk, Eric M. Brustad, Lindsey I. James, and Marcey L. Waters: “Systematic Variation of Both the Aromatic Cage and Dialkyllysine via GCE-SAR Reveal Mechanistic Insights in CBX5 Reader Protein Binding,” J. Med. Chem., 65, 2646-2655 (2022). Oussama Yahiaoui, Lauren A. M. Murray, Fengyue Zhao, Bradley S. Moore, Kendall N. Houk, Fang Liu, and Jonathan H. George: “A Diazo-Hooker Reaction, Inspired by the Biosynthesis of Azamerone,” Org. Lett., 24, 490-495 (2022). Melissa Ramirez, Vito Vece, Stephen Hanessian, and K. N. Houk: “Computational and Further Experimental Explorations of the Competing Cascades Following Claisen Rearrangements of Aryl Propargyl Ethers: Substituent Effects on Reactivity and Regioselectivity,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 17955-17964 (2021). Stella A. Gonsales, Zoe C. Mueller, Fengyue Zhao, Paulo H. S. Paioti, Lydia Karmazin, Jing Wan, Fang Liu, K. N. Houk, and Amir H. Hoveyda: “Cross-Metathesis of Allenes. Mechanistic Analysis and Identification of a Ru-CAAC as the Most Effective Catalyst,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 20640-20644 (2021). Philip A. Provencher, John F. Hoskin, Jonathan J. Wong, Xiangyang Chen, Jin-Quan Yu, K. N. Houk, and Erik J. Sorensen: “Pd(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzocyclobutenes by beta-Methylene-Selective C(sp3)-H Arylation with a Transient Directing Group,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 142, 20035-20041 (2021). Fengyue Zhao, Peiyuan Yu, Yu Chen, Fang Liu, and K. N. Houk: “pi-Facial Stereoselectivity in Acyl Nitroso Cycloadditions to 5,5-Unsymmetrically Substituted Cyclopentadienes: Computational Exploration of Origins of Selectivity and the Role of Substituent Conformations on Selectivity,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 17082-17089 (2021). Junqi Su, Jia-Nan Mo, Xiangyang Chen, Alexander Umanzor, Zheng Zhang, Kendall N. Houk, and Jiannan Zhao: “Generation of Oxyphosphonium Ions by Photoredox/Cobaloxime Catalysi for Scalable Amide and Peptide Synthesis in Batch and Continuous-Flow,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 61, e202112668 (2021). Kuei-Chien Tang, Jian Cao, Lisa M. Boatner, Linwei Li, Jonathan Farhi, Kendall N. Houk, Jennifer Spangle, Keriann M. Backus, and Monika Raj: “Tunable Amine-Reactive Electrophiles for Selective Profiling of Lysine,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 61, e202112107 (2021). Tianyi Huang, Rui Wang, Selbi Nuryyeva, Shaun Tan, Jingjing Xue, Yepin Zhao, Quantan Wu, Marc H. Weber, Pei Cheng, Dong Meng, Ilhan Yavuz, K. N. Houk, and Yang Yang: “Wide-Gap Perovskite via Synergistic Surface Passivation and Its Application toward Efficient Stacked Tandem Photovoltaics,” Small, 18, 2103887 (2021). Lorenz M. Urner, Ga Young Lee, Joseph W. Treacy, Aneta Turlik, Saeed I. Khan, K. N. Houk, and Michael E. Jung: “Intramolecular N-H—F Hydrogen Bonding Interaction in a Series of 4-Anilino-5-Fluoroquinazolines: Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of Electronic and Conformational Effects,” Chem. Eur. J., 28, e202103135 (2021). Tianyi Huang, Shuan Tan, Selbi Nuryyeva, Ilhan Yavuz, Finn Babe, Yepin Zhao, Maged Abdelsamie, Marc H. Seber, Rui Wang, Kendall N. Houk, Carolin M. Sutter-Fella, and Yang Yang: “Performance-Limiting Formation Dynamics in Mixed-Halide Perovskites,” Sci. Adv., 7, eabj1799 (2021). Hong Zhang, Mathias Kirk Thøgersen, Cooper S. Jamieson, Xiao-Song Xue, Karl Anker Jørgensen, and Kendall N. Houk: “Ambimodal Transition States in Diels-Alder Cycloadditions of Tropolone and Tropolonate with N-Methylmaleimide,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 24991-24996 (2021). Garrett A. Kukier, Aneta Turlik, Xiao-Song Xue, and K. N. Houk: “Violations. How Nature Circumvents the Woodward-Hoffmann Rules and Promotes the Forbidden Conrotatory 4n + 2 Electron Electrocyclization of Prinzbach’s Vinylogous Sesquifulvalene,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 21694-21704 (2021). Lei Gao, Yike Zou, Xiaojing Liu, Jun Yang, Xiaoxia Du, Jin Wang, Xinshui Yu, Junping Fan, Mingxuan Jiang, Yuli Li, K. N. Houk, and Xiaoguang Lei: “Enzymatic Control of endo- and exo-Stereoselective Diels-Alder Reactions with Broad Substrate Scope,” Nature Catal., 4, 1059-1069 (2021). Wendell A. Scott, Eric G. Gharakhanian, Alexandra G. Bell, Declan Evans, Ehab Barun, K. N. Houk, and Timothy Deming: “Active Controlled and Tunable Coacervation Using Side-Chain Functional alpha-Helical Homopolypeptides,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 18196-18203 (2021). Meng-Meng Xu, Limin Yang, Kui Tan, Xiangyang Chen, Qi-Tao Lu, K. N. Houk, and Quan Cai: “An Enantioselective Ambimodal Cross-Diels-Alder Reaction and Application in Synthesis,” Nature. Catal., 4, 892-900 (2021). Guang-Jian Mei, Jonathan J. Wong, Wenrui Zheng, Anjanay A. Nangia, K. N. Houk, and Yixin Lu: “Rational Design and Atroposelective Synthesis of N-N Axially Chiral Compounds,” Chem., 7, 2743-2757 (2021). Fabio Julia, Qianzhen Shao, Meng Duan, Matthew B. Plutschack, Florian Berger, Javier Mateos, Chenxi Lu, Xiao-Song Xue, K. N. Houk, and Tobias Ritter: “High Site Selectivity in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions: Mechanism of C-H Thianthrenation,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 16041-16054 (2021). Elesha R. Hoffarth, Kersti Caddell Haatveit, Eugene Kuatsjah, Gregory A. MacNeil, Simran Saroya, Charles J. Walsby, Lindsay E. Eltis, K. N. Houk, Marc Garcia-Borras, and Katherine S. Ryan: “A Shared Mechanistic Pathway for Pyridoxal Phosphate-Dependent Arigine Oxidases,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2012591118 (2021). Yifan Deng, Yike Zou, Chia-Ping H. Yang, K. N. Houk, and Amos B. Smith III: “Total Syntheses of (+)-Peniciketals A-B and (-)-Diocollettines A Exploiting a Photoisomerization/Cyclization Union Protocol,quot; J. Org. Chem., 86, 13583-13597 (2021). Tyler K. Allred, Michal B. Shaghafi, Pan-Pan Chen, Quan Tran, K. N. Houk, and Larry E. Overman: “Constructing Saturated Guanidinum Heterocycles by Cycloaddition of N-Amidinyliminium Ions with Indoles,” Org. Lett., 23, 7618-7623 (2021). Linhong Zuo, Pengchen Ma, Teng Liu, Xiangyang Chen, Robert H. Lavroff, Wei-Peng Chen, K. N. Houk, and Wusheng Guo: “Ambiphilic Reactivity of Vinyl Pd-Oxyallyl for Expeditious Construction of Highly Functionalized Cyclooctanoids,” Org. Lett., 23, 7330-7335 (2021). Xiangguang Li, Meng Duan, Peiyuan Yu, K. N. Houk, and Jianwei Sun: “Organocatalytic Enantioselective Dearomatization of Thiophenes by 1,10-Conjugate Addition of Indole Imine Methides,” Nature Comm., 12, Article 4881 (2021). Shang Gao, Meng Duan, Jiaming Liu, Peiyuan Yu, Kendall N. Houk, and Ming Chen: “Stereochemical Control via Chirality Pairing: Stereodivergent Syntheses of Enantioenriched Homoallylic Alcohols,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 24096-24106 (2021). Aneta Turlik, K. N. Houk, and Dennis Svatunek: “Origin of Increased Reactivity in Rhenium-Mediated Cycloadditoins of Tetrazines,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 13129-13133 (2021). Jonathan J Wong, Xiangyang Chen, Kendall N. Houk, and K. Peter C. Vollhardt: “The Trajectory of the (eta(5)-Cyclopentadienyl-cobalt-Mediated Cycloisomerization of the Ene-Yne-Ene-Type Allyl Propargylic Ethers to Furans: A DFT Appraisal,” Synthesis, 53, 4279-4289 (2021). Jun Gu, Fengyue Zhao, K. N. Houk, Qianqian Lu, and Fang Liu: “Computational Determination of the Mechanism of the Pd-Catalyzed Formation of Isatoic Anhydrides from o-Haloanilines, CO, and CO2,” Dalton Trans., 50, 14453-14461 (2021). Wei Hao, Katherine L. Bay, Caleb F. Harris, Daniel S. King, Ilia A. Guzei, Michael M. Aristov, Zhe Zhuang, R. Erik Plata, David E. Hill, K. N. Houk, John F. Berry, Jin-Quan Yu, and Donna G. Blackmond: “Probing Catalyst Speciation in Pd-MPAAM-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp3)-H Arylation: Catalyst Improvement via Destabilization of Off-Cycle Species,” ACS Catal., 11, 11040-11048 (2021). Bao-Long Hou, Jonathan J. Wong, Na Lv, Yong-Qiang Wang, K. N. Houk, and Chuang-Chuang Li: “Facile Generation of Bridged Medium-Sized Polycyclic Systems by Rhodium-Catalysed Intramolecular (3+2) Dipolar Cycloadditions,” Nature Commun., 12, Article 5239 (2021). K. N. Houk, Xiao-Song Xue, Fang Liu, Yu Chen, Xiangyang Chen, and Cooper Jamieson: “:Computations on Pericyclic Reactions Reveal the Richness of Ambimodal Transition States and Pericyclases,” Israel J. Chem., 62, e202100071 (2021). Chen Yang, Lei Zhang, Chenxi Lu, Shuyao Zhou, Xingxing Li, Yanwei Li, Yang Yang, Yu Li, Zhirong Liu, Jinlong Yang, K. N. Houk, Fanyang M, and Xuefeng Guo: “Unveiling the Full Reaction Path of the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling in a Single-Molecule Junction,” Nature Nanotech., 16, 1214-1223 (2021). Atena B. Solea, Sining Wang, Xiao-Song Xue, Aurelian Crochet, Katharine M. Fromm, Kendall N. Houk, Olimpia Mamula, and Christophe Allemann: “Efficient Synthesis of Isoindolones by Intramolecular Cyclisation of Pyridinylbenzoic Acids,” Org. Biomol. Chem., 19, 8025-8029 (2021). Pamela Mackey, Aneta Turlik, Kaori Ando, Mark E. Light, K. N. Houk, and Gerard P. McGlacken: “Stereoselective Installation of Five Contiguous Centers in a Double Aldol-Tishchenko Cascade and Evaluation of the Key Transition State through DFT Calculation,” Org. Lett., 23, 6372-6376 (2021). Li-Qiang Wan, Xia Zhang, Yike Zou, Rong Shi, Jin-Ge Cao, Shi-Yang Xu, Li-Fan Deng, Li Zhou, Yanqiu Gong, Xiaoling Shu, Ga Young Lee, Haiyan Ren, Lunzhi Daj, Shiqian Qi, K. N. Houk, and Dawen Niu: “Nonenzymatic Stereoselective S-Glycosylation of Polypeptides and Proteins,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 11919-11926 (2021). Teo Martin, Marco Galeotti, Michela Salamone, Fengjiao Liu, Yanmin Yu, Meng Duan, K. N. Houk, and Massimo Bietti: “Deciphering Reactivity and Selectivity Patterns in Aliphatic C-H Bond Oxygenation of Cyclopentane and Cyclohexane Derivatives,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 9925-9937 (2021). Hyo Jin Gim, Jiyong Park, Michael E. Jung, and K. N. Houk: “Conformational Dynamics of Androgen Receptors Bound to Agonists and Antagonists,” Sci. Rep., 11, Article 15887 (2021). Yike Zou and K. N. Houk: “Mechanisms and Dynamics of Synthetic and Biosynthetic Formation of Delitschiapyrones: Solvent Control of Ambimocal Periselectivity,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 11734-11740 (2021). Alexander Q. Cusumano, K. N. Houk, and Brian M. Stoltz: “Synthetic Strategy toward Ineleganolide: A Cautionary Tale,” Tetrahedron, 93, Article 132289 (2021). Xu Qiu, Yueqian Sang, Hao Wu, Xiao-Song Xue, Zixi Yan, Yachong Wang, Zengrui Cheng, Xiaoyang Wang, Hui Tan, Song Song, Guisheng Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, K. N. Houk, and Ning Jiao: “Cleaving Arene Rings for Acyclic Alkenylnitrile Synthesis,” Nature, 597, 64-69 (2021). Melissa Ramirez, Evan R. Darzi, Johann S. Donaldson, Kendall N. Houk, and Neil K. Garg: “Cycloaddition Cascades of Strained Alkynes and Oxadiazinones,” Angew Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 18201-18208 (2021). Grazia Bencivenni, Diana Salazar Illera, Maria Moccia, K. N. Houk, Joseph A. Izzo, Johanna Novacek, Paolo Grico, Mathew J. Vetticatt, Mario Waser, Mauro F. A. Adamo: “Study of Ground State Interactions of Enantiopure Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Salts and Amides, Nitroalkanes, Nitroalkenes, Esters, Heterocycles, Ketones, and Fluoroamides,” Chem. Eur J., 27, 11352-11366 (2021). Rosa V. Espinoza, Kersti Caddell Haatveit. S. Wald Grossman, Jin Yi Tan, Caylie A. McGlade, Yogan Khatri, Sean A. Newminster, Jennifer J. Schmidt, Marc Garcia-Borras, John Montgomery, K. N. Houk, and David H. Sherman: “Engineering P450 Taml as a Iterative Biocatalyst for Selective Late-Stage C-H Functionalization and Epoxidation of Tirandamycin Antibiotics,” ACS Catal., 11, 8304-8316 (2021). Chuchu Jaing, Bei-Bei He, Rosalinda L. Zhao, Min-Juan Xu, K. N. Houk, and Yi-Lei Zhao: “Computational Exploration of How Enzyme XimE Converts Natural S-Epoxide to Pyran and R-Epoxide to Furan,” ACS Catal., 11, 7928-7942 (2021). Bo Li, Yuli Li, Yanfeng Dang, and K. N. Houk: “Post-Transition State Bifurcation in Iron-Catalyzed Arene Aminations,” ACS Catal., 11, 6816-6824 (2021). Ga Young Lee, Elizabeth Hu, Arnold L. Rheingold, K. N. Houk, and Ellen M. Sletten: “Arene-Perfluoroarene Interactions in Solution,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 8425-8436 (2021). Melissa Ramirez, Dennis Svatunek, Fang Liu, Neil K. Garg, Kendall N. Houk: “Origins of Endo Selectivity in Diels-Alder Reactions of Cyclic Allene Dienophiles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 14989-14997 (2021). Marcus J. Jellen, Ieva Liepuoniute, Mingoo Jin, Christopher G. Jones, Song Yang, Xing Jiang, Hosea M. Nelson, K. N. Houk, and Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay: “Enhanced Gearing Fidelity Achieved Through Macrocyclization of a Solvated Molecular Spur Gear,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 7740-7747 (2021). Nomaan M. Rezayee, Valdemar J. Enemaerke, Sif T. Linde, Johannes N. Lamhauge, Gabriel J. Reyes-Rodriguez, Karl Anker Jørgensen, Chenxi Lu, and K. N. Houk: “An Asymmetric SN2 Dynamic Kinetic Resolution,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 7509-7520 (2021). Sarah M. Anthony, Veronica Tona, Yike Zou, Lucas A. Morrill, John M. Billingsley, Megan Lim, Yi Tang, K. N. Houk, and Neil K. Garg: “Total Synthesis of (-)-Strictosidine and Interception of Aryne Natural Product Derivatives ‘Strictosidyne’ and ‘Strictosamidyne,’” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 7471-7479 (2021). Shuming Chen, Tuo Hu, and K. N. Houk: “Energy of Concert and Origins of Regioselectivity for 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Diazomethane,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 6840-6846 (2021). Lucrezia De Pascalis, Mei-Kwan Yau, Dennis Svatunek, Zhuoting Tan, Srinivas Tekkam, K. N. Houk, and M. G. Finn: “The Influence of Substitution on Thiol-Induced Oxanorbornadiene Fragmentation,” Org. Lett., 23, 3751-3754 (2021). Pan-Pan Chen, Pengchen Ma, Xue He, Dennis Svatunek, Fang Liu, and Kendall N. Houk: “Computational Exploration of Ambiphilic Reactivity of Azides and Sustmann’s Paradigmatic Parabola,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 5792-5804 (2021). Ru-Bing Wang, Shuang-Gang Ma, Cooper S. Jamieson, Rong-Mei Gao, Yun-Bao Liu, Yong Li, Xiao-Jing Wang, Yu-Huan Li, Kendall N. Houk, Jing Qu, and Shi-Shan Yu: “Library Construction of Stereochemically Diverse Isomers of Spirooliganin: Their Total Synthesis and Antiviral Activity,” Chem. Sci., 7003-7011 (2021). Yan-Long Zheng, Pei-Pei Xie, Omid Daneshfar, Kendall N. Houk, Xin Hong, and Stephen G. Newman: “Direct Synthesis of Ketones from Methyl Esters by Nickel-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 13476-13483 (2021). Marc Garcia-Borras, S. B. Jennifer Kan, Russel D. Lewis, Allison Tang, Gonzalo Jimenez-Oses, Frances H. Arnold, and K. N. Houk: “Origin and Control of Chemoselectivity in Cycochrome c Catalyzed Carbene Transfer into Si-H and N-H Bonds,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 7114-7123 (2021). Hong Zhang, Alexander J. E. Novak, Cooper S. Jamieson, Xiao-Song Xue, Shuming Chen, Dirk Trauner, and K. N. Houk: “Computational Exploration of the Mechanism of Critical Steps in the Biomimetic Synthesis of Preuisolactone A, and Discovery of New Ambimocal (5+2)/(4+2) Cycloadditions,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 6601-6608 (2021). Christopher Y. Bemis, Chad N. Ungarean, Alexander S. Shved, Cooper S. Jamieson, Taehwan Hwang, Ken S. Lee, K. N. Houk, and David Sarlah: “Total Synthesis and Computational Investigations of Sesquiterpene-Tropolones Ameliorate Stereochemical Inconsistencies and Resolve an Ambiguous Biosynthetic Relationship,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 6006-6017 (2021). Pradipta Das, Michael D. Delost, Munaum H. Qureshi, Jianhua Bao, Jason S. Fell, Kendall N. Houk, and Jon T. Njardarson: “Dramatic Effect of gamma-Heteroatom Dienolate Substitutes on Counterion Assisted Asymmetric Anionic Amino-Cope Reaction Cascades,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 5793-5804 (2021). Masao Ohashi, Thomas B. Kakule, Man-Cheng Tang, Cooper S. Jamieson, Mengting Liu, Yi-Lei Zhao, Kendall N. Houk, and Yi Tang: “Biosynthesis of para-Cyclophane-Containing Hirsutellone Family of Fungal Natural Products,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 5605-5609 (2021). Robert M. Hohlman, Sean A. Newminster, Jacob N. Sanders, Yogan Khatri, Shasha Li, Nikki R. Keramati, Andrew N. Lowell, K. N. Houk, and David H. Sherman: “Structural Diversification of Hapalindole and Fischerindole Natural Products via Cascade Biocatalysis,” ACS Catal., 11, 4670-4681 (2021). Jiajia Ma, Shuming Chen, Peter Bellotti, Renyu Guo, Felix Schafer, Arne Heusler, Xiaolong Zhang, Constantin Daniliuc, M. Kevin Brown, Kendall N. Houk, and Frank Glorius: “Photochemical Intermolecular Dearomative Cycloaddition of Bicyclic Azaarenes with Alkenes,” Science, 371, 1338-1345 (2021). You-Jie Yu, Feng-Lian Zhang, Tian-Yu Peng, Chang-Ling Wang, Jie Cheng, Chen Chen, Kendall N. Houk, Yi-Feng Wang: “Sequential C-F Bond Functionalizations of Trifluoroacetamides and Acetates via Spin-Center Shifts,” Science, 371, 1232-1240 (2021). Gabrielle St-Pierre, Alan H. Cherney, Wencan Chen, Xiaofei Dong, Peter K. Dornan, Daniel J. Griffin, K. N. Houk, Janice B. Lin, Stephen Osgood, Maria V. Silva Elipe, Heath C. Timmons, Yong Xie, Jason S. Tedrow, Oliver R. Thiel, and Austin G. Smith: “Accelerated Development of a Scalable Ring-Closing Metathesis to Manufacture AMG 176 Using a Combined High-Throughput Experimentation and Computational Modeling Approach,” Org. Process Res. Dev., 25, 442-451 (2021). Dennis Svatunek, Thomas Hansen, Kendall N. Houk, and Trevor A. Hamlin: “How the Lewis Base F- Catalyzes the 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition between Carbon Dioxide and Nitrilimines,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 4320-4325 (2021). Aneta Turlik, Kaori Ando, Pamela Mackey, Emma Alcock, Mark Light, Gerard P. McGlacken, and K. N. Houk: “Mechanism and Origins of Stereoselectivity of the Aldol-Tishchenko Reaction of Sulfinimines,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 4296-4303 (2021). Philip A. Provencher, Katherine L. Bay, John F. Hoskin, K. N. Houk, Jin-Quan Yu, and Erik J. Sorensen: “Cyclization by C(sp3)-H Arylation with a Transient Directing Group for the Diastereoselective Preparation of Indanes,” ACS Catal., 11, 3115-3127 (2021). Cooper S. Jamieson, Arkajyoti Sengupta, and K. N. Houk: “Cycloadditions of Cyclopentadiene and Cycloheptatriene with Tropones: All Endo-[6+4] Cycloadditions Are Ambimodal,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 3918-3926 (2021). Jordan J. Dotson, Ieva Liepuoniute, J. Logan Bachman, Vince M. Hipwell, Saeed I. Khan, K. N. Houk, Neil K. Garg, and Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay: “Taming Radical Pairs in the Crystalline Solid State: Discovery and Total Synthesis of Psychotriadine,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 4043-4054 (2021). Zheng-Jun Wang, Xiangyang Chen, Lei Wu, Jonathan J. Wong, Yong Liang, Yue Zhao, Kendall N. Houk, and Zhuangzhi Shi: “Metal-Free Directed C-H Borylation of Pyrroles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 8500-8504 (2021). Michio Sato, Shinji Kishimoto, Mamoru Yokoyama, Cooper S. Jamieson, Kazuto Narita, Naoya Maeda, Kodai Hara, Hiroshi Hashimoto, Yuta Tsunematsu, Kendall N. Houk, Yi Tang, and Kenji Watanabe: “Catalytic Mechanism and endo-to-exo Selectivity Reversion of an Octalin-Forming Natural Diels-Alderase,” Nature Catal., 4, 223-232 (2021). Manuel Einsiedler, Cooper S. Jamieson, Mark A. Maskeri, Kendall N. Houk, Tobias A. M. Gulder: “Fungal Dioxygenase AsqJ Is Promiscuous and Bimodal: Substrate-Directed Formation of Quinolones versus Quinazolinones,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 8297-8302 (2021). Dingyi Wang, Mingjie Li, Xiangyang Chen, Minyan Wang, Yong Liang, Yue Zhao, Kendall N. Houk, and Zhuangzhi Shi: “Palladium-Catalyzed Silacyclization of (Hetero)Arenes with a Tetrasilane Reagent through Twofold C-H Activation,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 7066-7071 (2021). Yanrong Li, Sreehari Surendran Rajasree, Ga Young Lee, Jierui Yu, Jian-Hong Tang, Ruidong Ni, Guigen Li, Kendall N. Houk, Prevas Deria, and Peter J. Stang: “Anthracene-Triphenylamine-Based Platinum(II) Metallacates as Synthetic Light-Harvesting Assembly,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 2908-2919 (2021). Y.-S. Su, E. S. Lamb, I. Liepuoniute, A. Chronister, A. L. Stanton, P. Guzman, S. Perez-Estrada, T. Y. Chang, K. N. Houk, M. A. Garcia-Garibay, and S. E. Brown: “Dipolar Order in an Amphidynamic Crystalline Metal-Organic Framework through Reorienting Linkers,” Nature Chem., 13, 278-283 (2021). Dong Meng, Rui Wang, Janice B. Lin, Jonathan Lee Yang, Selbi Nuryyeva, Yu-Che Lin, Chuai Yuan, Zhao-Kui Wang, Elizabeth Zhang, Chengyi Xiao, Daniel Zhu, Lang Jiang, Yepin Zhao, Zhenxing Li, Chenhui Zhu, Kendall N. Houk, and Yang Yang: “Chlorinated Spiroconjugated Fused Extended Aromatics for Multifunctional Organic Electronics,” Adv. Mater., 33, Article Number 2006120 (2021). Bo Li, Hong Tang, Aneta Turlik, Zhao Wan, Xiao-Song Xue, Li Li, Xiaoxiao Yang, Yiuyuan Li, Gang He, Kendall N. Houk, Gong Chen: “Cooperative Stapling of Native Peptides at Lysine and Tyrosine or Arginine with Formaldehyde,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 6646-6652 (2021). Yinglu Cui, Yanchun Chen, Xinyue Liu, Saijun Dong, Yu’e Tian, Yuxin Qiao, Ruchira Mitra, Jing Han, Chunli Li, Xu Han, Weidong Liu, Quan Chen, Wangqing Wei, Xin Wang, Wenbin Du, Shuangyan Tang, Hui Xiang, Haiyan Liu, Yong Liang, Kendall N. Houk, and Bian Wu: “Computational Redesign of a PETase for Plastic Biodegradation under Ambient Condition by the GRAPE Strategy,” ACS Catal., 11, 1340-1350 (2021). Ehsan Fereyduni, Ouidad Lahtigui, Jacob N. Sanders, Breanna M. Tomiczek, Michael D. Mannchen, Roland A. Yu, K. N. Houk, and Alexander J. Grenning: “Overcoming Kinetic and Thermodynamic Challenges of Classic Cope Rearrangements,” J. Org. Chem., 86, 3632-2643 (2021). Sophie Basler, Sabine Studer, Yike Zou, Takahiro Mori, Yusuke Ota, Anna Camus, H. Adrian Bunzel, Roger C. Helgeson, K. N. Houk, Gonzalo Jimenez-Oses, and Donald Hilvert: “Efficient Lewis Acid Catalysis of an Abiological Reaction in a de novo Protein Scaffold,” Nature Chem., 13, 231-235 (2021). Kendall N. Houk, Fang Liu, Zhongyue Yang, Jeffrey L. Seeman: “Evolution of the Diels-Alder Reaction Mechanism since the 1930s: Woodward, Houk with Woodward, and the Influence of Computational Chemistry on Understanding Cycloadditions,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 60, 12660-12681 (2021). Dingyi Wang, Xiangyang Chen, Jonathan J. Wong, Liqun Jin, Mingjie Li, Yue Zhao, K. N. Houk, and Zhuangzhi Shi: “Phosphorus(III)-Assisted Regioselective C-H Silylation of Heteroarenes,” Nature Comm., 12, Article Number 524 (2021). Xiangyang Chen, Mathias Kirk Thøgersen, Limin Yang, Rune F. Lauridsen, Xiao-Song Xue, Karl Anker Jørgensen, and K. N. Houk: “[8+2] vs [4+2] Cycloadditions of Cyclohexadienamines to Tropone and Heptafulvenes – Mechanisms and Selectivities,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 934-944 (2021). Zican Shen, Morgan M. Walker, Shuming Chen, Giovanny A. Parada, Duc M. Chu, Sun Dongbang, James M. Mayer, K. N. Houk, and Jonathan A. Ellman: “General Light-Mediated, Highly Diastereoselective Piperidine Epimerization: From Most Accessible to Most Stable Stereoisomer,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 126-131 (2021). De-Wei Gao, Cooper S. Jamieson, Gaoqian Wang, Yan Yan, Jiahai Zhou, K. N. Houk, and Yi Tang: “A Polyketide Cyclase that Forms Medium-Ring Lactones,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 143, 80-84 (2021). Chen Yang, Zitong Liu, Yanwei Li, Shuyao Zhou, Chexi Lu, Yilin Guo, Melissa Ramirez, Qingzhu Zhang, Yu Li, Zhirong Liu, K. N. Houk, Deqing Zhang, and Xuefeng Guo: “Electric Field-Catalyzed Single-Molecule Diels-Alder Reaction Dynamics,” Sci. Adv., 7, Article Number eabf0689 (2021).

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