Submission to first decision
42 days

Since 1985, Symbiosis publishes original research that contributes to the understanding of symbiotic interactions in a wide range of associations at the molecular, cellular and organismic level. Reviews and short communications on well-known or new symbioses are welcomed as are book reviews and obituaries. This spectrum of papers aims to encourage and enhance interactions among researchers in this rapidly expanding field.
Topics of interest include nutritional interactions; mutual regulatory and morphogenetic effects; structural co-adaptations; interspecific recognition; specificity; ecological adaptations; evolutionary consequences of symbiosis; and methods used for symbiotic research.

Editor-in-Chief
David H.S. Richardson (Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada)
Editorial Assistant
Suzanne Trauffer (Reigelssville, PA, USA)

Review Editor
James F. White, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Endophytic microbes, plant-microbe symbioses, fungal biology, microbial community regulation
Editorial Board
O. Roger Anderson, New York, NY, USA; Symbiosis involving protoza
Pedro M. Antunes, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada; Biological invasions; community ecology of mycorrhizal fungi
Daniele Armaleo, Durham, NC, USA; Molecular biology of the lichen symbiosis
Dulal Borthakur, Honolulu, HI, USA; Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis and plant-microbe interactions
Susana Castro-Sowinski, Montevideo, Uruguay; Microbe-plant communication
Pierre-Emmanuel Courty, Dijon, France; Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: nutrition and diversity
Simon Davy, Wellington, New Zealand; Cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis
Sébastien Duperron, Paris, France; Marine chemosynthetic symbioses, animal/bacteria interactions, evolution
Maren L. Friesen, Pullman, USA; Nitrogen fixation
Fernando González-Andrés, León, Spain; Agronomy of biofertilisers
Harald Gruber-Vodicka, Bremen, Germany; Marine chemosynthetic symbiosis
Abdelaziz Heddi, Villeurbanne, France; Insect-intracellular symbiosis
Euan James, Dundee, Scotland; Nitrogen fixation by legumes and non-legumes
Gavin Kernaghan, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Ectomycorrhizae and root endophytes
Yoshitomo Kikuchi, Sapporo, Japan; Insect endosymbiosis
Todd LaJeunesse, University Park, PA,USA; Corals
Silvana Munzi, Lisboa, Portugal; Applied ecology, biomonitoring, environmental stress response, lichenology, nitrogen
Bruce Osborne, Dublin, Ireland; Cyanobacterial symbioses with plants
Katharina Pawlowski, Stockholm, Sweden; Nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbioses
Sidney K. Pierce, Tampa, FL, USA; Algal/animal symbioses
Gyaneshwar Prasad, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Symbiosis and antagonism in soil organisms
Russell J. Rodriguez, Seattle, WA, USA; Host stress tolerance, climate change, and invasive species
Piotr Rozpądek, Krakow, Poland; Plant-endophyte interactions
Michael J. Sadowsky, St. Paul, MN, USA; Plant microbe interactions, Rhizobium
Mark R.D. Seaward, Bradford, UK; Lichens and leaf yeasts
Marc-Andre Selosse, Paris, France & Gdansk, Poland; Orchids, mycorrhizae
Louis S. Tisa, Durham, NH, USA; Microbe-nematode and plant-microbe interactions
Margalith Galun, Tel Aviv, Israel (Founding Editor-in Chief)
Miriam Balaban, Rehovot, Israel (Founding Publisher)