Aims
Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417) provides an advanced forum on all aspects of applied natural sciences. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
Scope
The journal covers all aspects of applied biology, applied chemistry, applied physics, and applied engineering. It has 16 Sections:
Nanotechnology and Applied Nanoscience
Optics and Lasers
Acoustics and Vibrations
Chemistry
Materials
Energy
Mechanical Engineering
Computer Science and Electrical Engineering
Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering
Environmental and Sustainable Science and Technology
Quantum Science and Technology
Applied Physics
Earth Sciences and Geography
Civil Engineering
Applied Industrial Technologies.

Editorial Board
Editorial Board
Optics and Lasers Section
Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences Section
Energy Section
Materials Section
Chemistry Section
Acoustics and Vibrations Section
Mechanical Engineering Section
Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering Section
Environmental and Sustainable Science and Technology Section
Quantum Science and Technology Section
Applied Physics Section
Computing and Artificial Intelligence Section
Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering Section
Earth Sciences and Geography Section
Civil Engineering Section
Applied Industrial Technologies Section
Food Science and Technology Section
Applied Dentistry Section
Editors (18)
Prof. Dr. Takayoshi Kobayashi E-Mail Website 
Editor-in-Chief
Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1, Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
Tel. Home phone +81-(0)3-3950-7390, Or mobile phone:090 
Interests: ultrafast and nonlinear optical processes; quantum optics; quantum photobiology
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Mohamed Benbouzid * E-Mail Website1 Website2 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (UMR CNRS 6027 IRDL), University of Brest, 29238 Brest, France
Tel. +33 2 98 01 80 07; Fax: +33 6 88 47 27 45 
Interests: electric machines and drives; tidal and wave power; wind power; electric and hybrid vehicles; fault detection and diagnosis; fault-tolerant control
* Section EiC of Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Gianrico Spagnuolo * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
Interests: dental materials; dental surgery; restorative dentistry and endodontics
* Section EiC of Applied Dentistry 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Roger Narayan * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
Interests: laser-based fabrication of medical devices; nanostructured biomaterials; drug delivery; laser processing of nanostructured and microstructured biomaterials
* Section EiC of Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Eugene J. OBrien E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Newstead, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
Tel. 01 716 3201 
Interests: Structural Health Monitoring, Bridge Traffic Loading, Weigh-in-Motion
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Dr. Alexandre Carvalho * E-Mail 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Intelligent & Digital Systems, R&Di, Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade, 4415 - 491 Grijó, Portugal
Tel. +351 910 525 390 
Interests: computational methods; data wrangling; open data; data-driven methods; model-driven methods; machine learning; big data; industry 4.0
* Section EiC of Applied Industrial Technologies 
Prof. Dr. Andrea Prati * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Associate Professor, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 181/A 43124 Parma, Italy
Tel. 00390521906223 
Interests: video surveillance, mobile vision, visual sensor networks, machine vision, multimedia and video processing, performance analysis of multimedia computer architectures
* Section EiC of Computing and Artificial Intelligence 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Frede Blaabjerg * grade E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark 
Tel. 004521292454; Fax: +45 9815 1411 
Interests: power electronics and its applications in motor drives; wind turbines; PV systems; harmonics; reliability of power electronic systems
* Section EiC of Energy 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dimitrios G. Aggelis * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Mechanics of Materials and Constructions, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium
Tel. 0032 6293541 
Interests: structural health monitoring (shm); non-destructive evaluation (nde); acoustic emission (ae); ultrasonic testing (ut); scattering; dispersion; attenuation; material evaluation; concrete
* Section EiC of Acoustics and Vibrations 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Philippe Lambin * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Physics Department, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
Tel. +32497465307 
Interests: theoretical solid-state physics; nanosciences; structural; mechanical and electronic properties of carbon nanomaterials
* Section EiC of Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Totaro Imasaka * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Professor Emeritus, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Tel. +81-802-6093; Fax: +81-92-802-2888 
Interests: analytical chemistry; analytical instrumentation; analytical science; trace analysis; lasers; non-linear optics; spectrometry
* Section EiC of Optics and Lasers 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Samuel B. Adeloju * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
Tel. +61 2 693 32510; Fax: +613 9902 6738 
Interests: nanobiosensors; nanomaterials; conducting polymers; electroanalytical chemistry; environmental chemistry; microbial fuel cells
* Section EiC of Chemistry 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Peter Van Puyvelde * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Chemical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f-box 2424, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Tel. +32-16322357; Fax: +32-16322991 
Interests: applied materials; rheology; polymer processing; additive manufacturing
* Section EiC of Materials 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dibyendu Sarkar * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Hoboken, United States
Interests: Trace Element Biogeochemistry; Green Technology; Environmental Quality; Environmental Remediation; Environmental Geochemistry
* Section EiC of Environmental and Sustainable Science and Technology Section" 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Filippo Berto * E-Mail Website 
Section Editor-in-Chief


Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
Tel. +4748500574 
Interests: fatigue; fracture; metals; materials; solids mechanics
* Section EiC of Mechanical Engineering 
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Prof. Nunzio Cennamo E-Mail Website 
Associate Editor


Department of Engineering, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: optical fiber sensors; biosensors and chemical sensors; nano and micro sensors; optical sensors and optoelectronic devices
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Assoc. Prof. Tomislav Dragicevic E-Mail Website 
Associate Editor


The Faculty of Engineering and Science, Department of Energy Technology Power Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
Interests: microgrids; marine technology; renewable integration; energy storage; distributed control
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Dr. S. M. Muyeen E-Mail Website1 Website2 
Associate Editor


Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
Interests: renewable energy; energy storage technologies; power system stability; smart grid
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Editorial Board Members (932)
Prof. Dr. Eyad H. Abed E-Mail Website 


Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
Interests: system and control theory; electric power system dynamics and control; systems engineering; the analysis and design of complex networks, including communication networks and social networks; and aerospace control systems
Prof. Dr. Raed Abu-Reziq E-Mail Website 


Institute of Chemistry and Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
Fax: +972 2 6585469 
Interests: nanochemistry; sol-gel chemistry; organometallic chemistry; catalysis; green chemistry; micro- and nanoencapsulation
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Applied Sciences: Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
Special Issue in Applied Sciences: Bridging Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis
Special Issue in Applied Sciences: Magnetic Nanoparticles: Novel Synthesis Methods and Applications
Prof. Enrique Acha E-Mail Website 


Tampere University, PO Box 527, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
Interests: FACTS; HVDC; Renewable Generation; Smart Grids
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Applied Sciences: Flexible Transmission Systems and Applications
Prof. Dr. Sondipon Adhikari E-Mail Website 


College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK
Tel. +441792602088; Fax: +44 1792 295676 
Interests: uncertainty quantification in computational mechanics; mechanics of nanotubes, graphene and 2D materials; mechanical metamaterials; dynamics of complex systems; inverse problems for linear and nonlinear dynamics (damage detection, system identification, nano-mechanical sensors); vibration of wind turbines; vibration energy harvesting
Prof. Dr. Sushil Adhikari E-Mail Website 


Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
Tel. 334-844-3543 
Interests: Biomass Gasification; Biomass Pyrolysis; Hydrothermal Liquefaction, Torrefaction, Biodiesel Production, Hydrogen Production from Bio-Wastes, Anaerobic Digestion, Bio-oil Upgrading
Prof. Dr. George Aggelis E-Mail Website 


Division of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
Interests: Physiology of oleaginous microorganisms; Microbial lipids; Yarrowia lipolytica; Microalgae; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Biodiesel; Valorization of agro-industrial by-products
Dr. Bettina Albrecht E-Mail 


Tüllinger Strasse 48 B, 79541 Lörrach, Germany
Interests: chemical sensors; nanobiosensors; DNA and protein immobilization techniques; development of rapid detection systems for environmental monitoring; development of rapid detection systems for early monitoring of mold in food and feed rapid detection systems for food allergens; fish-species identification
Prof. Dr. Rubén Aldaco E-Mail Website 


Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
Interests: My research work is currently mainly focused on sustainable development assessment methodologies, including environmental decision-making tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA) and sustainability tools and metrics. Another subject of my interest addresses bioeconomy, circularity aspects of products and processes, and resource productivity and sustainable use of energy and natural resources
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Applied Sciences: Bringing Value to the Production and Consumption Patterns through Energy Saving
Prof. Andy Alderson E-Mail Website1 Website2 


Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
Interests: material testing; performance modelling; auxetic materials; negative stiffness and negative thermal expansion
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Materials: Auxetic Materials 2017-2018
Topical Collection in Applied Sciences: Sports Equipment and Materials
Prof. Dr. Francisco José Alguacil E-Mail Website 


Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) – National Center for Metallurgical Researcher (CENIM), Madrid, Spain
Interests: metals removal; carbon nano adsorption technology; wastewater purification; hydrometallurgical operations and liquid membranes
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals:
Special Issue in Metals: Metal Removal and Recycling