The Jebel Lassel (JL) and Bou Izem (BIZ) Pb–Zn–F mineralizations are widely found in the Djamila nappe which is the dominant structural unit in the Kherrata area (northern Algeria). They are hosted respectively in Upper Cretaceous limestone and marly limestone and in dolomite from a Triassic complex at the contact of the thrust sheets. They occur in tension veins of different fillings and directions

The Asmari Formation with Oligo-Miocene in age and a carbonate-siliciclastic lithology is considered as one of the main hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Zagros Basin of Iran. In this research, with the target of unraveling the reservoir heterogeneity, a comprehensive rock typing was performed using all available geological and petrophysical data. The procedure for reservoir rock typing was started with

Water availability is fundamental for regional socioeconomic development, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions with recurrent periods of drought. Such is the case of the southwest region of Tamaulipas, whose only viable source of water is the Tula–Bustamante aquifer. This study aims to model groundwater evolution in the area, defining water–rock interaction processes, using nonparametric statistical

Geothermal activities are often associated with hydrothermal deposits and hydrothermal features that could aid in geothermal exploration. As a case study, this paper is concerned mainly with the factors controlling the hydrothermal activities and deposits in the Hammam Faraun (HF) area, Gulf of Suez rift, Egypt. In addition to dolomites, hot spring travertine deposits recorded for the first time in

A hydrochemical campaign was carried out to evaluate groundwater chemical composition in Saleh Abad, NE Iran, in 2019. There were just 12 shallow wells which almost all people and their agricultural practices largely depend on them. physiochemical parameters including main cations and anions, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and total hardness were measured. Based on the chemical analysis

The δ34S curve of sulfate from Members V–IV of the Jialingjiang Formation of the Sichuan Basin in the Early Triassic (T1j4−5) is highly consistent with global marine sulfate, and their trends are also similar, showing that the Early–Middle Triassic evaporites in the Sichuan Basin are comparable with those of the Early–Middle Triassic global evaporites and that the massive polyhalite deposit of the

Al Jabal Al Akhdar anticlinorium, NE Libya, has the most extensive and diversified karstic features. Collapse dolines are among the most prominent karst phenomena with many of them developed during the Holocene. This research uses field observations and numerical modelling to understand the geometry and formation mechanisms of these dolines. Detailed measurements of 66 collapse dolines including locations

As the largest country in Africa, Algeria is rich in substantial mineral reserves. This mineral potential continues to be revealed day by day; but unfortunately, they are generally underutilized. The detailed mechanisms of marine sedimentary phosphates origin are still imperfectly known. Our study aims to reconstitute the depositional environment of phosphorites of El Kouif locality NE of Algeria.

Abundant thrombolites in the Cambrian Miaolingian Series, southern North China Craton, are categorized as Girvanella thrombolites and Epiphyton thrombolites based on the varied calcified cyanobacterial morphotypes. Girvanella thrombolites are columnar and spotted with stratiform or domal shapes macroscopically. The columnar thrombolites comprise the irregular columnar clots with many well-preserved

Mud volcanoes are geological phenomena characterized by a fluid structure occurring within specific geologic structures and hydrogeological environments and provide valuable information on the ground surface during eruptions. There are numerous mud volcanoes in the North Tianshan area in Xinjiang Province, NW China. The origins of water and gas from mud volcanoes in the Tianquan Area, Baiyanggou in

The lower Eocene-lower Miocene succession in the central part of the Al Jabal Al Akhdar, northeast Libya was investigated to determine its depositional environments and shed some light on diagenetic alterations. This succession is composed mainly of carbonate rocks and includes five formations from base to top; the Apollonia, Darnah, Al Bayda, Al Abraq, and Al Faidiyah. Relatively uniform shallow-marine

Permeability is an essential parameter for the reservoir characteristics, which controls the flowing fluids in the reservoir hence the sweep efficiency and the ultimate recovery. The common practice in the petroleum industry is coring a limited number of wells, due to the expensive core recovery process, and measuring the permeability in the recovered cores then extend the concluded correlation to

Detailed microfacies analysis and sequence stratigraphic architecture of the Bajocian- mid-Callovian Samana Suk Formation exposed in the Hazara Basin, Lesser Himalaya of Pakistan, were examined. The formation reveals deposition on a carbonate ramp under variable low to high energy environments, such as carbonate mud-flats, lagoon, barrier/shoals, and open-marine setting. The stacking pattern of facies

Carbonate rocks, widely exposed in SW Iran, display a variety of landforms on which many engineering projects including but not limited to, dams and water transfer tunnels are constructed. Considering the vulnerability of carbonate rocks to karstification, it is profoundly important to evaluate the dissolution behavior of these rocks before the beginning of construction phase. In this study, the dissolution

In this paper, we present the detailed microfacies study and geochemical characteristics of carbonate exotics (olistoliths) associated with the Eocene Disang group of Assam–Arakan Basin, Northeast India to deduct their relative age, and depositional environment. The studied carbonate rocks contain diverse fauna with the dominance of foraminiferal assemblages (planktonic and benthic). The well-preserved

Karstification is a phenomenon that is more common in limestone and gypsum than in other rocks. Despite their equal geological conditions such as tectonics and hydrology, karstification in limestone and gypsum is different in the Ramhormoz area in Zagros folded zone in the southwest of Iran. This study aims to evaluate the lithological, physical, and mechanical properties of gypsum and limestone from

Present studies focus the depositional and diagenetic processes controlling porosity of the middle to upper Miocene carbonates in Central Luconia, Malaysia. Secondary porosity has previously been linked to growth history, meteoric diagenesis, and burial diagenesis, with a few studies suggesting the possibility of diagenetic evolution driven by mixing zone or refluxing brines; but without conclusive

Geophysical and borehole investigations were carried out to explore the sites of subsurface buried cavities and related subsidence in Ar-Riyadh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Traditional ground probing practices were not adequately conducted in the city due to various reasons including lack of technology at a time, economic factors, the ambient general culture, and time constraints. Consequently

Determination of the vegetation effect on epikarst water recharges on permeable bedrock is important for the effective management of groundwater resources in forested area. However, little information is available on the effect of fine-scale throughfall and stemflow on epikarst water sources in karst regions. In this study, the oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δD) isotopic compositions of throughfall, stemflow

The Early Eocene Chorgali Formation, Eastern Salt Range has been investigated for microfacies, depositional and reservoir analyses. The Formation consists of light to dark gray limestone with shale intercalations. The identified microfacies of Chorgali Formation are: (a) Foraminiferal bioclastic wackestone, (b) Benthonic foram-rich wackestone, (c) Bioclastic wacke-packestone, and (d) Miliolidal bioclastic

The spatial distribution patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its relationship with various environmental factors in different topographic features are of great significance for evaluating SOC reserves and carbon pool management in karst areas. In this paper, SOC from the non-karst landforms and four typical karst landforms (karst canyon, karst peak cluster, karst plateau, and karst trough valley)

The Posht Darband stratigraphic section of the Qom Formation is considered to undertake paleontological study in the northwest of Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone, Western Iran. Field observations demonstrate that the Qom Formation is composed of medium to thick-bedded limestone (as Member "a") and alternation of sandy limestone, sandstone and green marl (as Member "b"). Based on paleontological studies the Assemblage

Although the micropaleontology of Ordovician deep-sea cherts is relatively well documented, microfossil assemblages in Ordovician shallow-marine cherts are less well-known. Nodular cherts in the Middle Ordovician carbonates of the Yijianfang Formation (Well YJ1X) in the Tarim Basin, northwestern China, contain a rich microfossil assemblage deposited in a shallow marine setting. These cherts contain

The Sarvak Formation is a thick carbonate sequence of Cenomanian age that has been deposited in a foreland basin across the Zagros Basin. Sarvak Formation is the main petroleum reservoir rock in the Zagros Basin. To study the foraminiferal paleoecology in the Sarvak Formation, the section was selected in the east of Shiraz (Khane Kat section) and 66 samples with a total thickness of 140 m were prepared

To elaborate genesis of the Ordovician Ma55 Sub-member dolomites in the Ordos Basin, this study implemented a series of analyses, including petrological investigation and geochemical (constant and trace elements, and isotopes) characterization. Three main types of dolomites were identified, namely micritic dolomite, micritic silty dolomite and silty dolomite. Specifically, the micritic dolomite is

The use of carbonate rocks is important worldwide due to their utility in various fields. However, their physical and mechanical characterization can determine their fields of application and their economic interest. The establishment of these properties allows the assessment of their economic importance and future use. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is one of the most important mechanical properties

Tuting–Tidding Suture Zone (TTSZ) is the eastern extension of the Indus–Tsangpo Suture Zone (ITSZ) and is exposed in the Arunachal Himalaya, India. It comprises rocks of ophiolitic affinity associated with amphibolites, volcano-sedimentary units and meta-carbonates, occurring as a folded sequence of dismembered outcrops. The meta-carbonates are banded and massive in nature and appear devoid of any

The Ordovician Chiatsun Group, exposed at the Jiacun section, Nyalam, in southern Xizang (Tibet), China, is biostratigraphically one of the best constrained Ordovician sections in the Himalaya margin, and thus plays a key role in correlating the Ordovician strata of this region. The Chiatsun Group is subdivided into the Adang Formation, the Alai Formation, and the Jiaqu Formation, in stratigraphically

Special attention has recently been paid to the high-salt formation in Qianjiang depression as its abundant oil resources with ultra-low permeability and porosity. However, the complex pore structure characteristic of the high-salt formation has not been well understood so far because of its pore size ranging from nanometer to micrometer scale. This paper aims to investigate the complex pore structure

The present study aims to evaluate the microfacies attributes and planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the late Cretaceous Parh Formation of the Kirthar Range and their implications for the ophiolitic emplacement. Two planktonic foraminiferal biozones were identified namely Dicarinella asymetrica and Globotruncanita elevata biozones suggesting Santonian to Campanian age to the carbonate unit

Hauterivian–Barremian deposits, outcropping in central Tunisia, consist of varied deposits. A detailed study pertaining to field prospecting and facies investigation yielded 15 facies, grouped into three lithofacies associations: siliciclastic, carbonates, and mixed series. These lithofacies were settled on varied shallow marine environments. Meter-scale shallowing up sequences passing up from lower

High-temperature SiO2-rich springs are one of the most indicative manifestations of deep geothermal activities. Although they often represent the valuable geothermal potentials and significances of the areas, their high SiO2 contents usually bring some non-negligible problems when we exploit the geothermal resources, especially the silica scales. To understand the sedimentation sequences of SiO2-rich

Fracture evaluation is very important in the carbonate reservoirs, particularly fractured reservoir, due to the high impact of fractures on the reservoir permeability. Assessment of fracture parameters of reservoirs is necessary to optimize oil production. Image logs are regarded the best methods for this aim. This study aims to use electrical image logs in the Dalan and Kangan Formations reservoir

Paleocaves in carbonate reservoirs are the excellent oil and gas storage spaces in the field of petroleum exploration. Predicting the collapse depth of paleocaves in carbonate reservoirs has essential theoretical significance and applicable value for classifying of reservoir quality and delimiting lower depth of oil and gas exploration. Paleocaves in carbonate reservoirs are acted by overburden pressure

The heterogeneous characteristics and their influencing factors of organic matter are still the research focuses of saline lacustrine hydrocarbon source rocks. This paper examined the heterogeneous characteristics of organic matter richness and type. The effects of tectonic activities, sedimentary facies, climate, biological sources, and preservation conditions on organic matter richness and type were

The Fahliyan Formation, which is part of the Khami Group is one of the important oil resources in the lower cretaceous strata in the Zagros area. Index Foraminifera, continuity, and discontinuities have been used to identify the boundaries of this formation. To study biostratigraphy on Fahliyan Formation, the subsurface stratigraphic section of Aghar19 was selected in the southwest province of Iran

Reef–shoal reservoirs are important reservoir types of the Changxing–Feixianguan Formation located in the eastern Kaijiang–Liangping trough, Sichuan Basin, China. Understanding the reef–shoal combinations and the reservoirs characteristics are significant for oil and gas exploration in this area. According to field profiles, drilling and seismic data, the reef–shoal development state of Changxing-Feixianguan

The objective of this work was to determine the groundwater quality from semi-arid areas using physicochemical parameters, main dissolved constituents, boron, and selected metals and by taking as an example the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian aquifers of the Essaouira basin from western Morocco. The piezometric map shows that the groundwater flow is from the South-East to the North-West with a hydraulic

The Emam-Gheis Karst Aquifer is located in the southeast of Borujen city in Iran. The Emam-Gheis Spring with the average flow rate of about 90 L s−1 has emerged in the south of the aquifer. Seven deep drinking water wells have been drilled in the east of the aquifer (15 years ago). The spring flow rate has decreased significantly after water harvesting from the water wells began. In this study, the

Unconventional reservoirs have burst with a great force in the oil and gas worldwide production. Reefal limestone reservoir is one of them. The present study deals with the reefal carbonate Hammam Faraun Member in Al-Hamd oil field. This study focus on the interpretation of sedimentological and petrophysical data to show the effect of diagenetic processes on middle and lower Miocene reefal carbonate

This study describes the primary chacteristics of the selected stalagmites from the four caves in southern Turkey and interprets their formation via petrographic, SEM–EDX, XRD, ICP–AES and stable isotope techniques. The analytical results show that the stalagmites are composed of low Mg-calcite associated with trace to small amount of impurities such as clays. Lamination is characteristic in all the

Ilam Formation (Santonian) is a member of the Bangestan Group, as an important oil reservoir of SW Iran. Various geological and reservoir quality aspects of this formation were discussed in the Zagros area. However, depositional–diagenetic controls on pore types of this formation are not defined, especially in the Abadan Plain. In this study, an integrated sedimentological and petrophysical evaluation

Aptian paralic and Paleocene intracratonic mires that bracket the northern reaches of the Western Interior Seaway preserve Milankovitch orbital forcing cycle signals and record the dynamic interplay with craton-linked salt dissolution tectonism in the Alberta Basin foreland and the adjoined intracratonic Williston Basin to the southeast. These mires, now lignite-bearing strata, along the northern Seaway

As one of the main reservoirs types in the Sichuan Basin, the granular shoal reservoirs of the Feixianguan Formation have great potential for oil and gas exploration. Therefore, it is very important to study the sedimentary evolution characteristics and the distribution of shoal deposits of the Feixianguan Formation. In this paper, the sequence stratigraphy, sedimentary characteristics and distribution

Karst Collapse Columns (KCC) are special geologic structures in the Carboniferous-Permian coalfields of the northern China. It is easy to generate severe water inrush accidents during mining activities, which can cause many casualties and property losses. To evaluate the impact of the KCC on the coalmine during the excavation and exploration of the Panel 90102 at the Yangjian Coalmine, the Shanxi Province

The rock mass characteristic study, including RMR89, GSI, and RMR14 and their empirical relationships, had been conducted at ten slopes in Aceh Province, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the RMR89, RMR14 and GSI, as well as develop the empirical relationships among those rock mass classifications especially for limestone of the Woyla group. The scan-line method has been adopted in the collection

The Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the northern Ordos Basin consists of a sequence of subtidal and peritidal carbonates that are extensively dolomitized. The diagenetic evolution of the Ma5 5 Sub-member was investigated to determine the factors controlling reservoir quality in the northern Ordos Basin. Dolomite in the Ma5 5 Sub-member is classified into three main types on the basis of crystal

Southern Iran is one of the most significant parts of the world in terms of economic aggregation of hydrocarbons. In this paper, reservoir quality of the Cenomanian–Santonian deposits has been evaluated in southwestern Iran. According to the reservoir qualification, five particular rock types have been classified based on log responses through K-nearest neighbors (KNN) method. 1–5 are representing

The article "Biostratigraphy of the Kazhdumi Formation (Albian), northeast of Shiraz, Zagros Basin (SW of Iran)”.

The article “Biostratigraphy, facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Sachun Formation (Interior Fars, Zagros, SW of Iran)”, written by Kamal Karimi,Massih Afghah, Seyyed Hossein Ghetmiri and Mohammad Bahrami was originally published online on 09 October 2020 with Open Access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The mineralogical characteristics of the ultrafine calcite (UFC) in the Namsan karst cave were studied. The UFC formed in the cave comes in the form of a gel with white or light yellow very fine mineral particles containing water. Chemical composition of UFC is CaO 55.62%, MgO 0.3%, SiO2 0.09%, Al2O3 0.01%, Fe2O3 0.03% and ignition loss 43.78%. The minimum particle size of UFC was 0.12 μm, the maximum

Well-preserved fossil reef/mound-building communities and shallow microfacies have been recovered from Changhsingian platform−margin sponge reef at the Panlongdong Section and intraplatform sponge skeletal mound at the Yanggudong Section in NE Sichuan Basin, South China. The present contribution focuses on the palaeoenvironmental implication of the differentiated development processes on the platform−margin

Xujiahe fine-grained sediments (FGSs) are regarded not only as important shale gas targets but also as significant regional hydrocarbon source rocks. To analyze the provenance and depositional conditions of the Xujiahe FGSs, trace elements and rare-earth elements (REEs) from two wells in the western Sichuan Basin were investigated. The results indicate that the Xujiahe FGSs mainly originated from the

Detailed analysis of Middle Eocene deposits in the Tamerza region, located in western part of Gafsa Basin, shows the presence of several metric corrugated levels. A sedimentological study was applied to these levels showing their geodynamic characteristics, significance in energy, residence time on the sea-floor, and sequential analysis. To study these levels, detailed field work was combined with

Naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs are often described as very heterogeneous systems due to the carbonate depositional environment and to the subsequent diagenesis processes such as mineral precipitation in fractures. Fluid flow behaviour in fractures is highly influenced by the fracture aperture size and its morphology. Mineral precipitation can alter the fracture effectiveness to the fluid

Recently, geologists are paying more and more attention to the Ordovician reefs in the Tarim Basin of China for related petroleum potential. This work presents a systematic study on the sedimentary characteristics of two well-exposed Lower to Middle Ordovician reefs of the Tarim Basin, one in the Yingshan Formation and the other in the Yijianfang Formation. The organism types, petrography and its sedimentary

Marine intrusion phenomenon is the main phenomenon threatening the groundwater quality in coastal aquifers around the world. This phenomenon is generally caused by the overexploitation of aquifers, decline in the piezometric level and the rise in sea level under the climate change effect. There are several approaches to study and assess the marine intrusion phenomenon. For this study, the crossing

Korek Mountain is one of the outstanding mountains in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region; located north of Erbil city. It faces the entrance of the famous Galley Ali Beg gorge with its beautiful waterfall. The exposed rocks at the entrance of the gorge belong to the Bekhme Formation which consists of many types of carbonate rocks with a total thickness of around 100 m. The current study is concerned with the

The reservoir depth of T-Sh oilfield in Tarim Basin is more than 7500 m, which is a typical deep carbonate fault-controlled reservoir. The S-1 and S-5 fault zones experienced multi-stage tectonic movements and developed complex fault-fracture systems. Based on geometry and dynamics, the evolution characteristics of faults are analyzed; the permeability of strike-slip faults in the middle and lower

Here, radiogenic strontium isotopes, and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes analyses of the Paleocene-Eocene limestones of the Jaisalmer basin, Western India are carried out to find out the evidences of Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum and Early Eocene Climatic Optimum. The occurrence of Numulites burdigalensis suggests the succession to be a Paleocene–Eocene interval that is also confirmed by the radiogenic