Although the percentage of people living outside a broadband network has more than halved in recent years, around 10% of the global population does not have access to the Internet. This lack of coverage is particularly concentrated in rural and low-income areas, in which the lack of a cost-effective electricity supply is the main barrier to expanding network coverage. To tackle this problem, this work

This paper analyzes the Secrecy Transmission Capacity (STC) over wireless networks, where the legitimate nodes and eavesdroppers are distributed following Poisson point processes. Based on the tools of stochastic geometry, we first derive the Connection Outage Probability (COP) and the bounds of the Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), and establish a theoretical framework for analyzing STC under the

With the rapid development of multimedia services in wireless mobile networks, the video data traffic has increased exponentially. Traditional video traffic service based on cloud computing caused a large amount of traffic load and longer access delay, which severely reduces the quality of service (QoS) of users. Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) can directly serve user requests so as to greatly reduce

With the widespread use of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, edge computing is becoming a popular technology for processing and storing data distributed at the edge of the networks. However, the new paradigm also faces a major security challenge: how to ensure the reliability and integrity of data in distributed edge storage servers? In this paper, we propose a robust and auditable distributed data

In this paper, a blockchain-enabled Stackelberg game model is proposed for the Quality-of-Service Optimized Link State Routing (QoS-OLSR) protocol in urban VANET. While QoS-OLSR protocols introduce game models, Stackelberg in specific, to select stable relays, the information exchanged by nodes and the selection process cannot be trusted. The introduction of Blockchain to VANET arose as a means for

This paper considers using a team of solar-powered UAVs to collaboratively eavesdrop on a mobile ground target in an urban environment. A practical application is that the police department uses UAVs to collect the transmitted data from a criminal suspect so that the transmitted content can be understood. Using UAVs in this task is a much more cost-effective and also less suspicious option than the

Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) present a promising advanced technology that can enhance people life quality and smartness of cities dramatically and increase overall economic efficiency. UAVs have attained a significant interest in supporting many applications such as surveillance, agriculture, communication, transportation, pollution monitoring, disaster management, public safety, healthcare

The emergence of IoT technology makes the applications of IoT wireless sensor networks (WSNs) attract more attentions, and most of the applications are based on the sensor’s location. This paper addresses two main challenges encountered in the localization issue in IoT WSNs, i.e., limited energy in battery-powered sensors, and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) induced errors in harsh environments. We propose

In the last decade, mobile robot swarms are widely used in wild applications, such as disaster search and rescue, battlefield communication, and so on. Due to their task-oriented feature in the wild, robot nodes usually move in groups. However, the communication of self-organized networks as a fundamental technology of mobile robot swarms is still the main bottleneck to restrict its developments. We

The advantages of Wireless Sensor Networks can not only compensate for the limitation of the traditional monitoring technology, but also greatly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of data transmission. In data transmission, it is necessary and important to consider the construction of virtual backbone (VB) to improve efficiency and stability. In this paper, we focus on the problem of constructing

This work studies the secrecy performance of wireless powered sensor networks (WPSNs) under eavesdropping attacks by proposing an energy-aware node selection algorithm. The non-identical N sensor nodes harvest the required energy from a dedicated power station and use it for data transmission to a certain destination. The nodes selection procedure takes place over two phases. In the first phase, K

With the rapid advent of using various devices like smart phones, vehicles etc, the connection of these devices with the help of Internet connectivity has emerged to IoT paradigm. The interconnection of smart objects under the various real world constraints like communication technologies, network scalability, node mobility, energy consumption etc, is a big challenge and requires designing new robust

The key to offering personalized services in smart spaces is knowing where a particular person is with a high degree of accuracy. Visual tracking is one such solution, but concerns arise around the potential leakage of raw video information and many people are not comfortable accepting cameras in their homes or workplaces. We propose a human tracking and identification system (mID1) based on millimeter

Low-Power and Lossy networks are an integral part of the IoT ecosystem. These networks are defined by their shared features such as having limited resources and high occurrence of packet loss. A routing protocol for such networks called Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) was proposed in 2012. Even though RPL is now standardized and well-accepted by the community, it still has areas

The recent advancements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have brought attention to the field of sensor tracking events. Habitat monitoring is considered as one of the most important applications of WSNs, which ensures wildlife conservation. Researchers have proposed various solutions to select the optimal path in the field of sensor tracking. However, energy dissipation of sensor nodes and fault

An aircraft has an obvious state division in a complete flight mission, the data of the trajectory points also have specific characteristics in each flight state, so the trajectory data with the similar characteristics can improve the performance of neural networks. Therefore, a combined online-learning model with K-means clustering and gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural networks for trajectory prediction

In this paper, we propose a spectrum sharing protocol for cognitive radio networks with an energy-constraint primary transmitter (PT), which performs energy harvesting from the received radio frequency (RF) signals broadcasting by two secondary users (SUs). After the amount of harvested energy at the PT is sufficient for data transmission, a SU will cooperatively forward PT's signal using amplify-and-forward

As a network that communicates human health information, iWNSNs (in-vivo Wireless Nanosensor Networks) must be able to detect and report back to human health in real time, and low delay and high reliability are required in iWNSNs. In view of the unstable link state in iWNSNs, a multi-hop routing protocol based on link state prediction called MRLSP is proposed. The protocol proposes a link state estimation

Recently, wireless network evolution has been primarily driven by a need for higher rates. The ongoing deployment of 5G cellular systems is continuously exposing the inherent limitations of this system, which promote the exploration of 6th generation mobile networks (6G). However, development is bound to be challenging. The complex network environment, rapidly growing data volume and new types of network

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a carrier of small cell base station (SBS) becomes a promising solution to reduce infrastructure deployment cost. At the same time, Licensed-assisted Access (LAA) is proposed by 3GPP to apply the Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology into the unlicensed spectrum to expand the available bandwidth. To enhance and supplement the next generation 5G wireless network, this

Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs) face increasing challenges in obtaining sensory data and transferring them to the user even before the completion of their flight for time-critical processing. Traditionally bounded by only area coverage and battery capacity, UAVs now need to meet network QoS requirement when streaming data. The emergence of 5G Device-to-Device (D2D) Networks enables high speed network

In a wireless sensor network, the localized sensors are essential for efficient management of the network. In recent years, we have seen the implementation of various localization schemes. Few schemes presume to use mobile beacon because it has many potentialities. Despite many potentialities, the mobile beacon-based localization schemes suffer from two significant problems. First, the shorter beaconing

Subject Recognition (SR) refers to the task of identifying persons performing activities in a smart environment using the data captured by the sensors installed in it. The existing literature mainly concentrates on supervised SR using the sensor data captured through multiple modalities. However, majority of the real-life sensor datasets are not annotated with the subjects performing the activities

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), security, efficiency, and energy consumption are still major challenges due to its open, large-scale, and resource-constrained nature. The 6LoWPAN protocol and many other lightweight cryptographic methods have been developed to improve the security and efficiency of WSNs with a reasonable amount of energy and resource utilization. However, they still suffer from

The ever-growing popularity of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) in home, public, and work environments is fueling the need for WLANs that can accommodate more stations, each with higher throughput. This typically results in WLANs containing a larger number of heterogeneous devices, making the prediction of the network’s behavior and its efficient configuration an even more elaborate problem. In

Server-side WiFi-based indoor localization offers a compelling approach for passive occupancy estimation (i.e., without requiring active participation by client devices, such as smartphones carried by visitors), but is known to suffer from median error of 6–8 meters. By analyzing the characteristics of an operationally-deployed, WiFi-based passive indoor location system, based on the classical RADAR

In the present work, we have proposed an analytical Markov-chain model of the modified slotted Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, which efficiently utilizes the Guaranteed Time Slots (GTSs) under saturated traffic conditions. The five dimensional Markov chain model based analysis is performed for variable Contention Access

In an IoT (Internet of Things) network, nodes need first to access the network resources before they can transmit data. If the data to be transmitted require real-time guarantees, then the node should not be stuck in the process of accessing resources. Quick and efficient access to the network resources is desirable for timely data communication. To this end, we have studied the IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE

WSN(Wireless Sensor Network), as the front-end of data acquisition of IoT(Internet of Things), its data always has the properties of massive, dynamic, correlated, and polymorphic, causing big troubles for the subsequent series of signal processing. Dense sensor nodes are randomly deployed in the monitoring field, so their perceived information cannot be independent so that there must be data redundancy

We propose a game theoretic approach to the problem of resource allocation in fifth generation device to device communications underlying cellular networks, where modern fifth generation device to device users share channel resources of legacy fourth generation cellular users. Though such sharing improves scalability as more and more users can be served, the individual throughput obtained by a cellular

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency is the key concern. The clustering of networks is one of the most common strategies to make WSNs energy efficient. In clustering, the nodes are assembled into some virtual clusters and leaders are identified for each cluster called cluster-heads. The normal nodes send their sensed data to the cluster head, then, the cluster head transmits it to

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become ubiquitous due to its flexibility, ease-of-use, and reduced cost. As a consequence, the industry is adopting these systems in its transformation into Industry 4.0. However, the strict Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the industry are not met with the default best-effort provisions of the IoT. Most industrial applications require strict guarantees in terms

With the unprecedented proliferation of mobile devices, Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS) emerges as a promising computing paradigm which utilizes sensor-embedded smart devices to collect sensory data. Recently, a number of privacy-preserving auction-based incentive mechanisms have been proposed. However, none of them guarantees the quality of sensing data in double-side auction scenarios. In this paper,

RPL is the de-facto IPv6-based routing protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT), where networks are mainly formed by sensors and other low capacity devices. However, RPL lacks scalability and is inefficient in any-to-any communications. In this article, we present IoTorii, a hierarchical protocol that creates routes based on a probe frame, instead of the computation of a distance vector, as in RPL

Many fine-grained indoor localization systems rely on accurate distance estimation between anchors and a target node to determine its exact position. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is commonly used for distance estimation because it is available in most low cost standard wireless devices. Despite the cost efficiency, the distance estimation accuracy in the RSSI-based ranging model needs

Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT) is a low power wide area network technology introduced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in Release 13 specifications. The NB-IoT aims at providing cellular connectivity to low cost, low throughput, delay-tolerant devices, and hence, is a key technology for smart connected living. The NB-IoT specifications continue to evolve as part of 5G New Radio (NR), and the

As far as low-cost deployment is concerned, wireless network-based device-free sensing (DFS) is of great interest and has successfully demonstrated the feasibility in Foliage penetration (FOPEN) target recognition. The classification accuracy of this technology is known to dramatically decrease in extreme climates where the received signals tend to be severely attenuated; while deep learning approaches

During the previous few years, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) appears as an active research domain due to the wide use of this technology in several applications, such as military, health, automation, and so forth. WSN supervises physical attributes where human activity is difficult or impossible. The WSN is a set of multiple sensor nodes that are haphazardly deployed in a specific space. These nodes

Dependability is a keyword within the recent discussion about the operation of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) as a vital part of the ever-growing Internet of Things (IoT). However, while focusing on, e.g., reliable routing it is often neglected that the energy supply is an important factor to enable dependable WSN, and thus IoT operation. Using the example of the Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy

The design of the forthcoming fifth generation (5G) system shall meet the severe requirement of managing an always increasing amount of traffic generated by both humans and machines, while guaranteeing data security. Among the enabling technologies that will turn 5G into a reality, Device-to-Device (D2D) and Multicasting will certainly play a key role because of their capability to largely improve

There has been growing interest in device to device (D2D) millimeterwave (mmwave) communication, due to the promising high speeds and immense amounts of unused bandwidth available. However, mmwaves suffer from unusually high attenuation, through free space, and especially through obstacles. The accepted way to avoid such attenuation is to break up the transmission path into multiple short hops, such

Beyond 5G networks are expected to support massive traffic through decentralized solutions and advanced networking mechanisms. This paper aims at contributing towards this vision through the integration of device-centric wireless networks, including Device-to-Device (D2D) communications, and the Next Generation of Opportunistic networking (NGO). This integration offers multiple communication modes

D2D communication has been identified as one of the technologies for meeting the unique traffic demands of the fifth-generation wireless network communication. However, the effectiveness of D2D highly depends on the proximity of devices. In other words, whenever such devices are far apart, communication becomes ineffective. Thus, relay assisted D2D positions itself as an approach by which some of the

Localization is one of the essential problems in the Internet of Things (IoT) and other wireless sensor applications. Most traditional range-free localization algorithms ignore the anisotropy factors, which are frequently observed in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and result in low positioning precision. To mitigate the impact of anisotropy on localization, we propose an accurate localization approach

Artificial intelligence has been widely used in daily wireless networks for its flexibility and adaptability in solving extremely complex problems in real-time. These wireless network applications using artificial intelligence will generate a lot of valuable data. Knowledge graph is able to mine and store useful information from these large amounts of data and make data-driven wireless network applications

The advent of mobile charging with wireless energy transfer technology has perpetuated the omnipresent wireless rechargeable sensor networks. The existing literature finds that on-demand recharging of the sensor nodes (SNs) can significantly improve the charging performance while using multiple charging vehicles (MCVs) and multi-node charging model. Most of the existing schemes ignore the heterogeneous

In most supervised action recognition methods, sufficient labeled training instances are needed for each class, the learned model can only recognize the samples belonging to classes covered by the training data, and lacks the ability to deal with previously unseen classes. In this paper, we tackle the above challenges by proposing a novel Video Disentangling Attentive Relation Network (VDARN), which

Accuracy and reliability are the main problems to be considered when using wireless sensor networks for target tracking. Deep learning has a good prospect in visual object tracking, in which Siamese based trackers achieve a balance between performance and computational efficiency.Template adaptability and feature expression of the target are crucial for Siamese trackers which aim to locate the target

This paper describes the novel wireless routing protocol made for mobile ad hoc networks or wireless sensor networks using the bio-inspired technique. Bio-inspired algorithms include the routing capabilities taken from the social behavior of ant colonies, bird flocking, honey bee dancing, etc and promises to be capable of catering to the challenges posed by wireless sensors. Some of the challenges

Despite the rapid increase of research on individual identification in recent years, most of them focused on extracting the invariant visual cues of individuals. However, few efforts have been devoted to exploring the inherent feature caused by physiological differences. The main challenge in this task arises from two aspects: (i) the individual inherent feature (style) of each pose may be unique;

It is acknowledged that images taken under low-light conditions are easily affected by low visible light and noise, which can cause important image information loss, low signal-to-noise ratio, blurred edges, and poor subjective vision. Related researchers have targeted some solutions are proposed for the above problems, such as histogram equalization and gamma correction, but all have problems such

The cognitive radio network has been proposed to overcome the frailty of existing spectrum allocation strategies, by dynamically accessing the licensed spectrum instead of conventional static spectrum access. Thereby, the increasing traffic on the unlicensed wireless spectrum is diverted to unused licensed spectrum bands for providing spectrum space to new wireless users. Wireless services have a diverse

Improvements in small sized sensors allow the easy detection of the presence of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the air using easy-to-deploy Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, classifying what VOC exists in the environment still remains as a complex task. Knowing what VOCs are in the air can help us remove the main cause that vents VOC materials as a way to maintain clean air quality.

Ever-increasing performance at decreasing price has fueled camera deployments in a wide variety of real-world applications—making the case stronger for battery-powered, continuous-vision camera systems. However, given the state-of-the-art battery technology and embedded systems, most battery-powered mobile devices still do not support continuous vision. In order to reduce energy and storage requirements

Due to the prevalence of human activity in urban spaces, recommending ROIs (region-of-interests) to users, especially irregular ROIs, becomes an important task in location-based social networks. A fundamental problem is how to aggregate users’ preferences over POIs (point-of-interests) to infer the users’ region-level mobility patterns. The majority of existing studies ignore the users’ implicit interactions

With the advancement of connected vehicles, high-bandwidth wireless technologies such as DSRC and WiFi are envisioned to be pervasively available on vehicles. Such empowered vehicles can form large-scale vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which contain rich bandwidth and storage resources. Despite their critical importance for core safety-related VANET applications, these resources are underutilized

The proliferation of “Things” over a network creates the Internet of Things (IoT), where sensors integrate to collect data from the environment over long periods of time. The growth of IoT applications will inevitably involve co-locating multiple wireless sensor networks, each serving different applications with, possibly, different needs and constraints. Since energy is scarce in sensor nodes equipped

Wireless power transfer technology opens up possibilities for charging the batteries of sensors wirelessly by wireless charging vehicles (WCVs), which increases the lifetime of Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs). Most of the existing studies do not consider the energy depletion of WCVs’ batteries during their travel through the network area, which may cause WCVs stranded in between their

In emergency situations, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can be quickly deployed as air base station to provide users with communication services. The outdoor transmission model and outdoor–indoor transmission model cannot be normalized, and an effective hybrid transmission model is difficult to establish when the UAV serves both indoor users and outdoor users. We propose a ”indoor-outdoor-iterative