Conventional differential protection scheme utilize a fixed threshold to detect the fault in a transmission system. In a wind integrated transmission system, any fixed threshold-based protection function is not reliable always due to the dynamic variation of control parameters of the wind turbine. To mitigate this issue, an adaptive differential protection scheme is proposed in this work for the transmission

This paper proposes an enhanced dynamic control strategy for a grid emulator. The proposed control switches between resonant and predictive controls in order to benefit from the advantages of both controls and to cope with their drawbacks. It ensures good dynamic performance in transient state and very low error in case of parametric or load variation during steady state. The most used control for grid

In an electricity market with time-varying pricing, uncontrolled charging of energy storage systems (ESSs) may increase charging costs. A novel battery charging control methodology based on reinforcement-learning (RL) is proposed in this paper to minimize the charging costs. A significant characteristic of this method is that it is model-free, with no need for a high-accuracy battery/ESS model. Therefore

The exact evaluation of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) compactness is difficult due to the randomness in hidden layer nodes number, weight and bias values. To overcome this randomness, and other problems such as resultant overfitting and large variance, a selective weighted voting ensemble model based on regularized ELM is investigated. It can strongly enhance the overall performance including accuracy

Recently most of the scientific studies have involved in a collaboration, team-based, and co-authorship approaches, which lead to knowledge production and high impact research outcomes. Previous studies lack to identify their real influential and productive nodes. We argue that investigating the structure of scientific teams with their leaders is equally essential as of the community structure. We

This paper discusses the integration of wind energy system in Derna, Libya to the main grid of General Electricity company of Libya (GECOL) through a back-to-back converter. The machine side converter is used to regulate the AC and DC voltages while the grid side converter is used to control the active and reactive power supplied by the wind energy system. To achieve a relatively simple and decoupled

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms mainly govern the performances of solar photovoltaic (PV) array of smart grid systems. To optimize systems’ output power in both steady-state and transient situations of the tracking process, a framework using an individualized sparse-aware time-adjusting stepsize adaptation technique for the traditional MPPT method is presented. The objective of this

The use of renewable energy sources in non-urban regions has become increasingly important thanks to its great contribution to enhancing human life. Up to now, standalone Photovoltaic Generator (PVG) installation connected to a storage bank is used extensively. However, climactic changes may cause supply disturbances for the installation. The present paper proposes an algorithm of loads operation planning

Electrochemical energy storage plays a major rule in the current shift to renewable energy sources in the form of batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. This work represents the fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes comprised of activated carbon powder (ACP) and graphene oxide (GOx) drop-casted onto graphite substrates. ACP, based on its performance in a beaker cell in aqueous 1M H2SO4, was

This paper presents an accurate, simplified, explicit, and fast computing one-step model for a practical photovoltaic (PV) module without the need of heavy offline calculations, lookup tables, or iterative methods. A closed-form expression of the model shaping factor is provided, which paves the way to explicitly locate the maximum power point (MPP). Based on the obtained closed-form shaping factor

Designing a football recommendation system requires collecting physical, technical and tactical information from football games. However, traditional technical and tactical statistics of football still depend on manual numbering, which is a huge labor consumption. Though GPS (Global Positioning System) devices could be applied to collect football data, they are very expensive and are forbidden in many

In this study, we present a perception algorithm that is based purely on vision or camera data. We focus on demonstrating a powerful end-to-end lane detection method using contemporary computer vision techniques for self-driving cars. We first present a minimalistic approach based on edge detection and polynomial regression which is the baseline approach for detecting only the straight lane lines.

Face recognition task is an active area of research in recent years in the field of computer vision and biometric. Feature extraction and classification are the most significant steps for accurate face recognition system. Conventionally, eigenface approach or frequency domain features were used for feature extraction, but they are not invariant to outdoor conditions like, lighting, pose, expression

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been a pivotal technology enabler for realizing smart cities' vision through the provision of connectivity for everyday objects by means of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Scalability, flexibility, route efficiency, mobility support and reduced overhead in routing protocols are desired characteristics in large-scale WSNs. Given the several geographic routing schemes

In this paper, Jaya algorithm is applied to find an optimal unit sizing of renewable energy resources, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines (WTs), and fuel cells (FCs) with the objective of reducing the consumer’s total annual cost in a stand-alone system. The system’s reliability is considered using the maximum allowable loss of power supply probability (LPSPmax) concept. The methodology

Aiming at the problems of low exploration efficiency and high optimal solution cost for existing robot path planning methods, a robot path planning optimization method based on heuristic multi-directional rapidly-exploring tree is implemented. In high-dimensional configuration space, drawing on the Rapid-exploration Random Tree (RRT) related algorithm idea, directional sampling control module works

In this paper, a robust Iterative Learning Controller (ILC) operating under autonomous and grid connected modes with variable generation and loading conditions has been proposed for maintaining a stable voltage and frequency of a microgrid. The microgrid was modeled with solar, wind, fuel cell, battery, and load. The simulation was carried out in MATLAB/Simulink and the results were compared with the

This paper proposes a novel prediction model for detection of sub-centimeter pulmonary nodules from thoracic computed tomography (CT) images. We perform multi-level thresholding for lesion segmentation followed by penalised multinomial classifier for identifying the lesion type. We have considered 17,893 sub-centimeter pulmonary structures from an independent dataset collected retrospectively from

This work presents a computation efficient image watermarking very large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture with improved robustness and throughput. The computational complexity is reduced by the incorporation of integer DCT, whereas the throughput is improved by the implementation of a four-stage pipeline architecture. Further, in the present work, the secret watermark bits are inserted in the

Vehicular networks are evolving towards a new paradigm, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). With IoV, vehicles should be able to communicate with their environment using heterogeneous access technologies. To make it reality, security, privacy, cooperation and trust establishment in vehicular networks should be considered. Blockchain, a popular distributed ledger technology, could be a way to overcome these

Energy Internet is a new concept for future power systems with high-level interconnection among different systems for energy delivery and energy resources. Smart grid systems are based on multiple routing and data transferring services for energy management, distribution, pricing, and demand services. The traditional networks have suffered from high and complex computing operations and lead to degrading

We propose in this paper a new method for targets recognition from radar images. To characterize the radar images, we adopt a statistical multivariate modeling using copula in the complex wavelet domain. For the recognition step, we investigate the weighted sparse representation-based classification (WSRC) method. To build the dictionary, the estimated copula parameters are stacked together in a matrix

In this work, a small hybrid photovoltaic-wind water pumping system is proposed, modeled and analyzed through computational simulations. In the proposed system, the energy sources are connected via a multi-input DC-DC converter (MIC), whose output is directly connected to a DC motor-pump without using a battery bank. The MIC acts on the sources drained currents simultaneously or individually to operate

We propose a machine learning approach based on relevance feedback to visually retrieve e-commerce items, represented by images, from huge catalogs. A threefold strategy is presented to deal with the exploration–exploitation dilemma: retrieve user-relevant items; retrieve items that do not comply with user learned preferences, to avoid convergence to local minima; and retrieve items from uncertainty

Multifarious face recognition is a significant and challenging issue in human face recognition area. All those existing mechanisms for this issue has the least significant features with less expected outcome in the present technical scenario. In this paper, a novel scheme named Advanced Stance coalition to recognize human faces in the frame is propounded. The significant feature in ASC is to reduce

Augmented Reality is a recent impressive technology applied in many areas. However, in tourism and especially in museums, where visual contact with exhibitions is fundamental, augmenting reality with graphical objects, or using graphical applications, can distract visitors’ attention from the main subject. Also, having a classical experience with no personalization or adaptation can make a negative

Due to tremendous growth in multimedia applications and services, people can easily create, distribute, broadcast and store information. The fact that multimedia content can be easily copied and tampered has motivated a large number of researchers to devise image verification techniques using perceptual image hashing. In this paper, a perceptual image hashing technique is proposed by using difference

Representation-based classification (RBC) has attracted much attention in pattern recognition. As a linear representative RBC method, collaborative representation-based classification (CRC) is very promising for classification. Although many extensions of CRC have been developed recently, the discriminative and competitive representations of different classes for favorable classification has not yet

Recently, researchers have made extensive research on the technology of automatically generating descriptions for an image. Various technologies for image captioning have been proposed, among which attention-based encoder-decoder framework achieved great success. Two different types of attention models are proposed to generate image captions respectively, i.e., model based visual attention that is

Fast Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) lookup is one of the key challenges that have always been faced with growing internet speed. Next generation networks promise hundreds of gigabit communication bandwidths. To support such high data rates, core networking devices require very fast IPv4 lookup for incoming packets to sustain their functionality. Researchers from academia and industry have contributed

The Codesign is a powerful methodology adopted in designing modern embedded systems. The objective of this methodology is to optimize some non-functional factors of the system while meeting its functional specifications. Partitioning the system into a hardware set and a software set (Hardware/Software Partitioning (HSP)) is a key step in this process of Codesign. In this paper, we propose two heuristic

Video streaming today shows a widespread success, representing already the greatest portion of the Internet's IP traffic. The most common approach in today's networks is to adopt HTTP-based solutions, such as the Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) protocol. This choice allows using general purpose web clients (web browsers) to access video streaming, while implementing a client-side dynamic

In this paper, a novel UHF RFID Tag antenna for automotive tire is presented. The antenna shape and size are reduced by using a meander line. To ensure a proper impedance matching between the antenna and the microchip, especially when antenna is immersed in dielectric medium, a simple approach is presented. The square-load is added at the both ends of antenna tag in order to improve the bandwidth aspect

The growing market demand for low-power, high-performance radio frequency blocks for effective short-range communication applications, such as home automation, smart wearables, healthcare monitoring, and automotive sensors, is addressed in this work by proposing an RF down-converter (RFDC) network. This work aims to achieve high linearity, low noise figure and high gain simultaneously by optimally

This paper aims at implementing an optimization technique in smart manufacturing applications for co-optimizing the operation of multiple production lines to supply the desired demand for multiple products. The proposed model, which is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem, minimizes the total manufacturing cost by co-optimizing the operation schedule of production lines.

Multiband applications can be realized as a result of designing a double U-slot rectangular patch antenna. The equivalent circuit of a U-slot patch is presented and the return loss is theoretically derived, utilizing the [A] matrix formulation. CST Microwave Studio software was used to design the microstrip antenna with a transmission line feed and simulate return loss and radiation patterns. The antenna

A novel compact Coplanar Wave Guide (CPW)-fed metamaterial (MTM)-inspired multiband antenna is designed for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), C-Band, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The new multiband antenna with the dimensions of 40 × 40 × 0.8 mm3 is fabricated on FR4 substrate. It consists of circular shaped

An experimental study based on pulsed I-V characterization is conducted at various temperatures to estimate the losses of GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) for switching circuit applications. The estimation of the GaN HEMT power losses is performed by a SPICE simulation using a non-segmented Electro-thermal model. The parameters of this model are extracted using Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm

Although lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide, the chances of survival are higher in the early stages. One of the best tools for diagnosis is computerized tomography. The main problem with this method is that it depends directly on the specialist who is analyzing the image, since the process involved is tiring, and can lead to error. Computer-aided detection systems have

In recent years, the use of touchscreen mobile devices in a variety of places and contexts has been raised. Specific interaction context induced impairment and disabilities that can limit the usage of these devices. For instance, the use of a mobile device while walking in sunlight limits the visual attention and results in performance reduction. In this paper, we present a study that investigates

This paper introduces a blockchain-based secure healthcare scheme in which health data (HD) are collected from users via an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and stored on the nearest server. In the proposed scheme, a UAV first establishes a relation with body sensor hives (BSHs) via a token and then shares a shared key with BSHs to enable low-power secure communication. After retrieving the HD, the UAV