Two-dimensional materials and single-atom catalysts are two frontier research fields in catalysis. A new category of catalysts with the integration of both aspects has been rapidly developed in recent years, and significant advantages were established to make it an independent research field. In this Review, we will focus on the concept of two-dimensional materials confining single atoms for catalysis. The new electronic states via the integration lead to their mutual benefits in activity, that is, two-dimensional materials with unique geometric and electronic structures can modulate the catalytic performance of the confined single atoms, and in other cases the confined single atoms can in turn affect the intrinsic activity of two-dimensional materials. Three typical two-dimensional materials are mainly involved here, i.e., graphene, g-C₃N₄, and MoS₂, and the confined single atoms include both metal and nonmetal atoms. First, we systematically introduce and discuss the classic synthesis methods, advanced characterization techniques, and various catalytic applications toward two-dimensional materials confining single-atom catalysts. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in this emerging field are featured on the basis of its current development.

中文翻译：

---

使用二维材料限制单个原子的催化：概念，设计和应用

二维材料和单原子催化剂是催化领域的两个前沿研究领域。近年来，结合了这两个方面的新型催化剂已经得到快速发展，并且已经建立了显着的优势使其成为一个独立的研究领域。在本综述中，我们将重点关注限制单个原子用于催化的二维材料的概念。通过集成，新的电子态在活动中带来了互惠互利，即具有独特几何和电子结构的二维材料可以调节受限单原子的催化性能，而在其他情况下，受限单原子又可以影响二维材料的固有活动。这里主要涉及三种典型的二维材料，即石墨烯，gC₃ N ₄和MoS ₂以及被限制的单原子包括金属和非金属原子。首先，我们系统地介绍和讨论经典的合成方法，先进的表征技术以及对限制单原子催化剂的二维材料的各种催化应用。最后，根据其当前发展情况，对这一新兴领域的机遇与挑战进行了总结。