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Transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of oxidosqualene cyclases of the arjuna triterpene saponin pathway
Plant Science ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110382
Gaurav Srivastava 1 , Sandeep 1 , Anchal Garg 1 , Rajesh Chandra Misra 1 , Chandan Singh Chanotiya 2 , Sumit Ghosh 1
Affiliation  

Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) tree has been popular in Indian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular ailments. The tree accumulates bioactive triterpene glycosides (saponins) and aglycones (sapogenins), in a tissue-preferential manner. Oleanane triterpenes/saponins (derived from β-amyrin) with potential cardioprotective function predominantly accumulate in the bark. However, arjuna triterpene saponin pathway enzymes remain to be identified and biochemically characterized. Here, we employed a combined transcriptomics, metabolomics and biochemical approach to functionally define a suite of oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) that catalyzed key reactions towards triterpene scaffold diversification. De novo assembly of 131 millions Illumina NextSeq500 sequencing reads obtained from leaf and stem bark samples led to a total of 156,650 reference transcripts. Four distinct OSCs (TaOSC1-4) with 54-71 % sequence identities were identified and functionally characterized. TaOSC1, TaOSC3 and TaOSC4 were biochemically characterized as β-amyrin synthase, cycloartenol synthase and lupeol synthase, respectively. However, TaOSC2 was found to be a multifunctional OSC producing both α-amyrin and β-amyrin, but showed a preference for α-amyrin product. Both TaOSC1 and TaOSC2 produced β-amyrin, the direct precursor for oleanane triterpene/saponin biosynthesis; but, TaOSC1 transcript expressed preferentially in bark, suggesting a major role of TaOSC1 in the biosynthesis of oleanane triterpenes/saponins in bark.

中文翻译:

阿朱三萜皂苷途径氧化角鲨烯环化酶的转录组分析和功能表征

阿朱那(Terminalia arjuna)树在印度传统医学中很受欢迎,用于治疗心血管疾病。该树以组织优先的方式积累生物活性三萜糖苷(皂苷)和苷元(皂苷元)。具有潜在心脏保护功能的齐墩果三萜/皂苷(源自 β-香树脂醇)主要积聚在树皮中。然而,阿朱那三萜皂苷途径酶仍有待鉴定和生化表征。在这里,我们采用了转录组学、代谢组学和生化相结合的方法,在功能上定义了一套氧化角鲨烯环化酶 (OSC),这些酶催化了三萜支架多样化的关键反应。从叶和茎皮样本中获得的 1.31 亿 Illumina NextSeq500 测序读数的从头组装导致总共 156,650 份参考成绩单。四个不同的 OSCs (TaOSC1-4) 具有 54-71% 的序列同一性被鉴定和功能表征。TaOSC1、TaOSC3 和 TaOSC4 的生化特征分别为 β-香树脂醇合酶、环香萜醇合酶和羽扇豆醇合酶。然而,发现 TaOSC2 是一种多功能 OSC,可产生 α-香树脂醇和 β-香树脂醇,但显示出对 α-香树脂醇产品的偏好。TaOSC1 和 TaOSC2 均产生 β-香树脂醇,这是齐墩果三萜/皂苷生物合成的直接前体;但是,TaOSC1 转录本优先在树皮中表达,表明 TaOSC1 在树皮中齐墩果烷三萜/皂苷的生物合成中起主要作用。TaOSC3 和 TaOSC4 的生化特征分别为 β-香树脂醇合酶、环木香醇合酶和羽扇豆醇合酶。然而,发现 TaOSC2 是一种多功能 OSC,可产生 α-香树脂醇和 β-香树脂醇,但显示出对 α-香树脂醇产品的偏好。TaOSC1 和 TaOSC2 均产生 β-香树脂醇,这是齐墩果三萜/皂苷生物合成的直接前体;但是,TaOSC1 转录本优先在树皮中表达,表明 TaOSC1 在树皮中齐墩果烷三萜/皂苷的生物合成中起主要作用。TaOSC3 和 TaOSC4 的生化特征分别为 β-香树脂醇合酶、环木香醇合酶和羽扇豆醇合酶。然而,发现 TaOSC2 是一种多功能 OSC,可产生 α-香树脂醇和 β-香树脂醇,但显示出对 α-香树脂醇产品的偏好。TaOSC1 和 TaOSC2 均产生 β-香树脂醇,这是齐墩果三萜/皂苷生物合成的直接前体;但是,TaOSC1 转录本优先在树皮中表达,表明 TaOSC1 在树皮中齐墩果烷三萜/皂苷的生物合成中起主要作用。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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