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Development of a Novel Equilibrium Passive Sampling Device for Methylmercury in Sediment and Soil Porewaters.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-09 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.4631
James P Sanders 1 , Alyssa McBurney 2 , Cynthia C Gilmour 2 , Grace E Schwartz 2 , Spencer Washburn 2 , Susan B Kane Driscoll 3 , Steven S Brown 4 , Upal Ghosh 1
Affiliation  

We explored the concept of equilibrium passive sampling for methylmercury (MeHg) using the strategy developed for hydrophobic organic chemicals. Passive sampling should allow prediction of the concentration of the chemically labile fraction of MeHg in sediment porewaters based on equilibrium partitioning into the sampler, without modeling diffusion rates through the sampler material. Our goals were to identify sampler materials with the potential to mimic MeHg partitioning into animals and sediments and provide reversible sorption in a time frame appropriate for in situ samplers. Candidate materials tested included a range of polymers embedded with suitable sorbents for MeHg. The most promising were activated carbon (AC) embedded in agarose, thiol-self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports embedded in agarose, and cysteine-functionalized polyethylene terephthalate, which yielded log sampler-water partition coefficients of 2.8 to 5 for MeHgOH and MeHg complexed with dissolved organic matter (Suwannee River humic acid). Sampler equilibration time in sediments was approximately 1 to 2 wk. Investigation of the MeHg accumulation mechanism by AC embedded in agarose suggested that sampling was kinetically influenced by MeHg interactions with AC particles and not limited by diffusion through the gel for this material. Also, AC exhibited relatively rapid desorption of Hg and MeHg, indicating that this sorbent is capable of reversible, equilibrium measurements. In sediment:water microcosms, porewater concentrations made with isotherm-calibrated passive samplers agreed within a factor of 2 (unamended sediment) or 4 (AC-amended sediment) with directly measured concentrations. The present study demonstrates a potential new approach to passive sampling of MeHg. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:323-334. © 2019 SETAC.

中文翻译:

一种新型平衡被动采样装置的开发,用于沉积物和土壤孔隙水中的甲基汞。

我们使用为疏水性有机化学品开发的策略探索了甲基汞 (MeHg) 的平衡被动采样的概念。被动采样应允许基于平衡分配到采样器中预测沉积物孔隙水中化学不稳定的甲基汞部分的浓度,而无需模拟通过采样器材料的扩散速率。我们的目标是确定具有模拟甲基汞分配到动物和沉积物中的潜力的采样器材料,并在适合原位采样器的时间范围内提供可逆吸附。测试的候选材料包括一系列嵌入了合适的甲基汞吸附剂的聚合物。最有希望的是嵌入琼脂糖中的活性炭(AC),嵌入琼脂糖的介孔载体上的硫醇自组装单分子层,和半胱氨酸功能化的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,对于与溶解的有机物(Suwannee River 腐植酸)复合的 MeHgOH 和 MeHg,其产生的对数采样器-水分配系数为 2.8 至 5。沉积物中采样器的平衡时间约为 1 至 2 周。通过嵌入琼脂糖中的活性炭对甲基汞积累机制的研究表明,采样受到甲基汞与活性炭颗粒相互作用的动力学影响,并且不受该材料通过凝胶扩散的限制。此外,AC 表现出相对快速的 Hg 和 MeHg 解吸,表明该吸附剂能够进行可逆的平衡测量。在沉积物中:水的缩影,使用等温线校准的被动采样器测得的孔隙水浓度与直接测量的浓度一致在 2(未修正的沉积物)或 4(AC 修正的沉积物)的因子内。本研究展示了一种潜在的甲基汞被动采样新方法。环境毒物化学 2020;39:323-334。© 2019 SETAC。
更新日期:2020-01-26
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