Increasing oil contaminants in water is one of the major environmental concerns due to negative impacts on human health and aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The objective of this review paper is to highlight recent advances in the application carbon-based polymer nanocomposite membranes for oily wastewater treatment. Carbon-based nanomaterials, including graphene and graphene-oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon nanofibers (CNFs), have gained tremendous attention due to their unique physicochemical properties, such as excellent chemical and mechanical stability, electrical conductivity, reinforcement capability, and their antifouling properties. This review encompasses innovative carbon-based membranes for effective oil–water separation and provides a critical comparison of these membranes regarding the permeation flux, wettability, and flux recovery. The current challenges for the successful development of carbon-based nanocomposite membranes and opportunities for future research are also discussed.

由于对人体健康以及水生和陆地生态系统产生不利影响，水中越来越多的油污污染物成为主要的环境问题之一。本文的目的是强调碳基聚合物纳米复合膜在含油废水处理中的最新应用进展。碳基纳米材料，包括石墨烯和氧化石墨烯（GO），碳纳米管（CNT）和碳纳米纤维（CNF），由于其独特的理化特性，例如出色的化学和机械稳定性，电导率，增强能力及其防污性能。这篇评论涵盖了用于有效油水分离的创新碳基膜，并对这些膜在渗透通量，润湿性，和助焊剂回收。还讨论了成功开发碳基纳米复合膜的当前挑战以及未来研究的机会。