Quantum fluctuation of light limits the sensitivity of advanced laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. It is one of the principal obstacles on the way towards the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. The envisioned significant improvement of the detector sensitivity requires using quantum non-demolition measurement and back-action evasion techniques, which allow us to circumvent the sensitivity limit imposed by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In our previous review article (Danilishin and Khalili in Living Rev Relativ 15:5, 2012), we laid down the basic principles of quantum measurement theory and provided the framework for analysing the quantum noise of interferometers. The scope of this paper is to review novel techniques for quantum noise suppression proposed in the recent years and put them in the same framework. Our delineation of interferometry schemes and topologies is intended as an aid in the process of selecting the design for the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories.

中文翻译：

---

未来引力波探测器的先进量子技术

光的量子涨落限制了先进的激光干涉重力波探测器的灵敏度。这是通往下一代重力波观测站的主要障碍之一。预期的探测器灵敏度的显着提高需要使用量子非爆破测量和后向回避技术，这使我们能够规避由海森堡不确定性原理施加的灵敏度极限。在我们之前的评论文章中（Danilishin和Khalili在Living Rev Relativ 15：5，2012中），我们提出了量子测量理论的基本原理，并提供了分析干涉仪量子噪声的框架。本文的范围是回顾近年来提出的用于抑制量子噪声的新技术，并将其置于同一框架中。