Participants of the population-based Uppsala longitudinal study of adult men (ULSAM) cohort reaching more than 88 years of age (survivors, S) were investigated at age 70, 82, and 88–90 and compared at 70 years with non-survivors (NS) not reaching 82 years. Body composition, muscle mass and muscle histology were remarkably stable over 18 years of advanced aging in S. Analysis of genes involved in muscle remodeling showed that S had higher mRNA levels of myogenic differentiation factors (Myogenin, MyoD), embryonic myosin (eMyHC), enzymes involved in regulated breakdown of myofibrillar proteins (Smad2, Trim32, MuRF1,) and NCAM compared with healthy adult men (n = 8). S also had higher mRNA levels of eMyHC, Smad 2, MuRF1 compared with NS. At 88 years, S expressed decreased levels of Myogenin, MyoD, eMyHC, NCAM and Smad2 towards those seen in NS at 70 years. The gene expression pattern of S at 70 years was likely beneficial since they maintained muscle fiber histology and appendicular lean body mass until advanced age. The expression pattern at 88 years may indicate a diminished muscle remodeling coherent with a decline of reinnervation capacity and/or plasticity at advanced age.

中文翻译：

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在两个成功的老龄化中，居住在社区的男性的纵向肌肉和肌细胞变化—回顾了ULSAM队列

基于人群的Uppsala纵向研究的成年男性（ULSAM）队列年龄超过88岁（幸存者，S）的参与者在70、82和88-90岁时进行了调查，并与70岁时与非幸存者进行了比较（ NS）未满82岁。在S的晚期衰老过程中，其身体成分，肌肉质量和肌肉组织学在18年中都非常稳定。对与肌肉重构有关的基因的分析表明，S具有较高的肌源性分化因子（Myogenin，MyoD），胚胎肌球蛋白（eMyHC），参与肌原纤维蛋白（Smad2的，TRIM32，MuRF1）和NCAM与健康成年男性相比的监管击穿（酶ñ= 8）。与NS相比，S还具有较高的eMyHC，Smad 2，MuRF1 mRNA水平。在88岁时，S表达的肌生成素，MyoD，eMyHC，NCAM和Smad2的水平相对于在70岁时在NS中观察到的水平下降。S在70岁时的基因表达模式可能是有益的，因为它们可以维持肌肉纤维组织学和阑尾瘦体重，直到高龄。88岁时的表达模式可能表明肌肉重塑减弱，而高龄者的神经支配能力和/或可塑性下降。