Single-molecule technology stands as a powerful tool, enabling the characterization of intricate structural and dynamic information that would otherwise remain concealed within the averaged behaviors of numerous molecules. This technology finds extensive application across diverse fields including physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. Quantum sensing, particularly leveraging nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers within diamond structures, presents a promising avenue for single-molecule magnetic resonance, offering prospects for sensing and imaging technology at the single-molecule level. Notably, while significant strides have been made in single-molecule scale magnetic resonance using NV centers over the past two decades, current approaches still exhibit limitations in magnetic sensitivity, spectral resolution, and spatial resolution. In particular, the full reconstruction of three-dimensional positions of nuclear spins within single molecules remains an unattained goal. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in single-molecule scale magnetic resonance encompassing an analysis of various relevant techniques involving NV centers. Additionally, it explores the optimization of technical parameters associated with these methods. This detailed analysis serves as a foundation for the development of new technologies and the exploration of potential applications.

中文翻译：

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使用量子金刚石传感器的单分子尺度磁共振波谱

单分子技术是一种强大的工具，能够表征复杂的结构和动态信息，否则这些信息将隐藏在众多分子的平均行为中。这项技术在物理、化学、生物学和医学等各个领域都有广泛的应用。量子传感，特别是利用金刚石结构内的氮空位（NV）中心，为单分子磁共振提供了一条有前途的途径，为单分子水平的传感和成像技术提供了前景。值得注意的是，虽然在过去二十年中使用 NV 中心在单分子尺度磁共振方面取得了重大进展，但当前的方法在磁灵敏度、光谱分辨率和空间分辨率方面仍然存在局限性。特别是，单分子内核自旋三维位置的完全重建仍然是一个未实现的目标。这篇综述全面概述了单分子尺度磁共振的最新技术水平，包括对涉及 NV 中心的各种相关技术的分析。此外，它还探索了与这些方法相关的技术参数的优化。这种详细的分析可以为新技术的开发和潜在应用的探索奠定基础。